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Obtaining decorative chromium plating from trivalent chromium solutions
Obtención de un recubrimiento de cromo decorativo a partir de soluciones de cromo trivalente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v26n2.14739Keywords:
plating, trivalent chromium, complexing, galvanising (en)recubrimiento, cromo trivalente, complejos, procesos galvánicos (es)
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The present work was aimed at a qualitative evaluation, in the laboratory, of different alternatives for assembling and operating a trivalent chromium bath for decorative chromium plating. Different chromium concentration solutions and different complexing agents were used. The initial result of this analysis was that chloride, formate and acetate solutions produced the best results. Solution preparation conditions were evaluated: temperature, chromium III complex formation time and also operation during the plating process: pH and temperature. The experimental work was done in the Alfacrom Ltda company; the parameters evaluated consisted of the appearance of chromium deposit and the minimum current density at which it appeared. Resistance to corrosion was tested in a saline-spray chamber, taking conventional hexavalent chromium plating as reference. This assay was done in the Universidad Nacional de Colombia’s Chemical Engineering Laboratory. It was concluded that trivalent chromium plating may represent a technical and economic alternative to conventional hexavalent chromium plating, this being a highly toxic and contaminant process. However, research should be continued into finding optimal process conditions.
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar de forma cualitativa, a escala de laboratorio, diferentes alternativas para el montaje y operación de un baño de cromo trivalente para obtener recubrimientos de cromo decorativo. Fueron empleadas soluciones de diferentes concentraciones de cromo y diversos agentes formadores de complejos.
Este análisis arrojó como resultado inicial que de las soluciones compuestas de cloruros, formiatos y acetatos se obtienen los mejores resultados. Se evaluaron las condiciones de preparación de la soluciones: temperatura y tiempo de formación del complejo de cromo III; también la operación durante proceso de recubrimiento: pH y temperatura. El trabajo experimental fue desarrollado en la empresa Alfacrom Ltda., los parámetros de evaluación fueron: apariencia del depósito de cromo y densidad mínima de corriente a la que aparece el mismo. Se evaluó la resistencia a la corrosión en cámara salina, tomando como referencia un recubrimiento de cromo hexavalente convencional; este ensayo se realizó en el laboratorio de Ingeniería Química de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se concluyó que el recubrimiento con soluciones de cromo trivalente puede ser una alternativa viable técnica y económicamente para cambiar los procesos de cromado convencionales que son altamente tóxicos y contaminantes; sin embargo, se debe continuar la investigación para encontrar las condiciones óptimas del proceso.
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1. Armando Espinoza-Gálvez, Carlos Frontana, René Antaño-López, Julieta Torres-González. (2021). Morphological insights associated to instantaneous nucleation and growth in Cr(III) electrodeposition on nickel in aqueous media. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 15, p.7004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.11.120.
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Copyright (c) 2006 Óscar Javier Suárez García
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