Prevalencia de Caries Dental en una Comunidad Escolar de la Etnia Wayúu, en la Guajira Colombiana y su Manejo con Medicina Ancestral.

Dental caries prevalence in a scholar community of ethnic group wayuu in the colombian Guajira and their handling with its ancestral medicine

Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de caries dental y su manejo terapéutico tradicional en la población indígena wayuu de la Guajira colombiana.

Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un examen oral a 245 niños en edad escolar que asisten a la concentración escolar Camino Verde del Municipio de Manaure en la Guajira Colombiana; mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con la población, se hizo reconocimiento de las plantas que son utilizadas para tratar los problemas de salud oral. Se analizo e interpretó el concepto de la salud bucal, en una comunidad que resalta la importancia del equilibrio con la naturaleza; los recursos que utilizan para preservar una adecuada higiene oral, la interacción de la naturaleza con su cuerpo para mantener un equilibrio con la vida. Resultados: Los indices Ceo-d y CPO-D en comparacion con el estudio del ENSAB III, mostraron un aumento de la prevalencia de caries; solo los niños de 5 años presentan  un promedio de caries mas bajo en comparacion con los resultados de este estudio.

De otra parte, el tratamiento y prevencion de las patologias de cavidad oral siguen siendo tratadas bajo la medicina tradicional indigena, aunque la medicina occidental ya hace parte de la terapeutica de la poblacion.

Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren trabajar mas en la promocion de la salud oral, para asi bajar los indices de caries; Por otro lado, La medicina tradicional indigena aunque importante, no refleja sus efectos, ademas de observar que la medicina occidental ha tenido gran acogida y cada vez su uso es mayor.

Background This study aims to establish the prevalence of tooth decay and therapeutic management in traditional indigenous population of the Colombian Guajira. Materials and methods oral examination is made of 245 school-age children attending school Camino Verde del Municipio de Manaure in the Colombian Guajira, by using semistructured interviews with the population it is known the plants that are commonly used to treat oral health problems. Analysis and interpretation is made on the design of oral health, stories and experience of a community that emphasizes the importance of balance with the environment they live and how they take care of their mouth, the resources used to maintain proper oral hygiene the interaction of nature with the body to maintain a balance with life and their environment. Results rates of ceo-d y CPO-D in camino verde school population compared with the study of Ensab III, show an increase in the prevalence of caries in the population, only children of 5 years have an average caries lower in comparison with the results of this study. On the other hand the treatment and prevention of the disorders of the oral cavity and others are being treated under the Indian traditional medicine, but Western medicine is now part of the therapeutic of the population. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that it should work even more in the promotion and prevention in oral health for so lower rates of tooth decayos in the population studied. Furthermore tradional Indian medicine even though they continue to be important in this community, there is no scientific evidence that substantiates its effects, plus you can see that Western medicine has had great reception and support is increasing its use.