Relación entre los sistemas políticos y el índice COP en 62 países durante el periodo 1970-2010
Relationship between the political regime and the DMTF index in 62 countries in the period 1970-2010
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/aoc.v13n2.106844Keywords:
Caries dental, determinantes sociales de la salud, sistemas políticos, política de salud, bienestar social, política (es)Dental Caries, Socioeconomic factors, Political Systems, Social Welfare, Democracies, Changes Social (en)
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Objetivo: determinar la relación de los sistemas políticos y sus trayectorias, según la clasificación de Navarro y Shi, con el índice COP en 62 países durante el periodo 1970-2010. Métodos: se utilizó un diseño ecológico retrospectivo. Para ello, fueron seleccionados países que cumplieran con al menos tres registros de los clasificados en el índice C.O.P a los 12 años de edad en el periodo 1970-2010. Una vez definida la muestra de países, se buscó información sobre las trayectorias políticas de cada país para caracterizar el sistema político y las condiciones de salud oral. El análisis de la información se realizó a partir de cruzar y triangular los datos de la presencia de caries en los países con cada categoría del sistema o régimen político. Resultados: los determinantes sociales y políticos macroestructurales que organizan los sistemas sanitarios influyen en el bienestar de la población de un país. De ahí que, el índice de C.O.P esté relacionado con los contextos políticos, apreciándose que, a mayor democracia, mejores resultados en salud oral. Conclusiones: la forma cómo los diferentes modelos políticos (socialdemócratas, conservadores, liberales y dictatoriales) organizan los sistemas sanitarios en cada Estado, en los 62 países analizados, ha influenciado sobre la experiencia de caries dental de la población (índice COP).
Objective: To determine the influence of political trajectories according to the classification of Navarro and Shi, with the DMTF index in 62 countries during the period 1970-2010. Methods: A retrospective ecological design was used. Countries that met at least three records of the national DMTF indices at 12 years of age in the period 1970-2010 were selected. Once the country sample was defined, information was sought on the political tradition of each country to characterize the political model and oral health conditions. The analysis of the information crossed and triangulated the caries data in the countries according to each category of political model, according to the perspective of the political parties in government. Results: The macro-structural social determinants that organize the health systems influence the well-being of the population in a country and the DMTF index is related to the political regimes, appreciating that the more democratic, the better results they present in oral health. Conclusions: There is an influence of political trajectories (Social Democrats, Conservatives, Liberals and Dictatorials) in the 62 countries analyzed on the experience of dental caries (DMTF index), which is mediated by the way in which political models organize health systems in each country.
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