Estudio comparativo de la frecuencia de Blastocystis hominis en niños en edad preescolar de una zona urbana y una rural de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias y su relación con las manifestaciones clínicas y factores de riesgo
Comparative study of frequency of Blastocystis hominis pre-schoolers from an urban area and rural area of Cartagena de Indias and its relation with signs and symptoms and risk factors
Keywords:
Blastocystis hominis, preescolar, Factores De Riesgo, signos y síntomas, Medio rural, Área urbana. (es)Blastocystis hominis, Child, Preschool Risk factors, Signs and Symptoms, Rural Areas, Urban Area. (en)
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Introducción: las parasitosis intestinales son infecciones comunes a nivel mundial y de mayor prevalencia en las comunidades empobrecidas de países en desarrollo. A finales de los ochenta el Blastocystis hominis no era reportado rutinariamente, representando solo un problema de diagnóstico diferencial; pero en los noventa mediante un oportuno diagnóstico aumenta su prevalencia de 1,5 a 10% en los países desarrollados y de 30 a 50 % en países en desarrollo. Objetivo: comparar la frecuencia de Blastocystis hominis en niños de preescolar de una zona urbana (Crespo) y una rural (Boquilla) de Cartagena Bolívar y su relación con las manifestaciones clínicas, factores de riesgo. Materiales y métodos: se analizaron mediante la técnica de coprológico seriado, 286 muestras de materia fecal de niños de 1 a 5 años que procedían de una zona urbana y una zona rural de la ciudad de Cartagena de indias. Resultados: se encontraron parásitos en el 38,5% (55/143) de los niños de la zona urbana y el 79% (113/143) de la zona rural. Se encontró asociación entre la presencia de parásitos con la procedencia de los niños evaluados (X2= 48,53; p<0,0001). Se encontró una frecuencia de 51,1% de B. hominis en la zona urbana y 44,8% en la zona rural. Conclusiones: la falta de seguimiento y control de los casos problema sugiere la necesidad de formular e implementar medidas orientadas a mejorar la calidad de vida en las zonas estudiadas.
Background: the intestinal parasitism is common infections in the world and of higher prevalence in the poor community of developing countries. Until ending of decade of eighties, Blastocystis hominis is not reported in a routine way, being only a differential diagnostic problem; but in the nineties by means of an appropriate diagnosis increase its prevalence of 1.5 to 10 % in developed countries and with 30 to 50 % in developing countries. Objective: to compare frequency of Blastocystis hominis in preschoolers from an urban area and rural area of Cartagena de Indias and its relation with signs and symptoms and risk factors during the year 2013. Materials and methods: 286 samples of feces of children between 1 and 5 years old from an urban area (Crespo) and rural area (La Boquilla small town) were analyzed by serial coprological technique. Results: were found parasites in 38.5% (55/143) of children from urban area and 79% (113/143) of children from rural area. It was found association between presence of parasites with origin of children (X2= 48.53; p<0.0001). We reported a frequency of 51.1% de B. hominis in an urban area and 44.8 % in a rural area. Conclusions: the absence of monitoring and control of cases suggests the need to formulate and implement measurements guided to improve the quality of life in studied areas.
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Copyright (c) 2015 Mavianis Pinilla Pérez, Lucy Margarita Villafañe Ferrer, Benjamin Mendoza Mendoza, Estefany Garcés Alvarado, Lilibeth Licona Chiquillo, Katia Pinto Perez
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