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2026-06-01

Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia

Producción de exopolisacáridos por especies de Bacillus procedentes de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos en la Amazonía ecuatoriana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v28n1.120742

Palabras clave:

Bacillus, bioremediation, exopolysaccharides, soil particle aggregation, sugarcane molasses (en)
Bacillus, biorremediación, exopoliscáridos, agregados del suelo, melaza de caña de azúcar (es)

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The high degree of compaction of Ecuadorian Amazonian clay soils represents a serious limitation for bioremediation due to reduced oxygen availability. Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) improve soil particle aggregation and soil structure. In this context, this research evaluated the EPS-producing capacity of four native Bacillus isolates, by culturing them in a liquid basal medium modified with sucrose and sugarcane molasses as carbon sources and tryptone and yeast extract as nitrogen sources. EPS production was strongly influenced by both the isolate and the culture conditions. Sugarcane molasses significantly enhanced EPS synthesis compared to controls, with concentrations rising from 85–326 µg/mL to 243–662 µg/mL, the highest value being 661.9 µg/mL in one isolate. Yeast extract as a nitrogen source also promoted higher EPS production than controls, ranging from 69–501 µg/mL, with peak production of 501.2 µg/mL. Stress conditions further affected EPS output: across pH treatments, EPS ranged from 136–367 µg/mL, with optimal production near neutral pH, while moderate salinity stimulated EPS synthesis, increasing concentrations from 171–221 µg/mL in NaCl-free controls to 262–376 µg/mL at 0.7–1.1% NaCl.

The most productive isolates were identified as Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus glycanilyticus; all of them have a potential biotechnological use in the improvement of the structure of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils that are bioremediated in the Ecuadorian Amazonia.

El alto grado de compactación de los suelos arcillosos de la Amazonía ecuatoriana supone una grave limitación para la biorremediación debido a la escasa disponibilidad de oxígeno. Los exopolisacáridos microbianos (EPS) mejoran la agregación de las partículas del suelo y la estructura del mismo. En este contexto, la presente investigación evaluó la capacidad de producción de EPS de cuatro cepas nativas de Bacillus, mediante su cultivo en un medio basal líquido modificado con sacarosa y melaza de caña de azúcar como fuentes de carbono, y triptona y extracto de levadura como fuentes de nitrógeno. La producción de EPS se vio fuertemente influenciada tanto por la cepa como por las condiciones de cultivo. La melaza de caña de azúcar mejoró significativamente la síntesis de EPS en comparación con los controles, con concentraciones que aumentaron de 85-326 µg/mL a 243-662 µg/mL, siendo el valor más alto de 661,9 µg/mL en una cepa. El extracto de levadura como fuente de nitrógeno también favoreció una mayor producción de EPS que los controles, oscilando entre 69 y 501 µg/mL, con un pico de producción de 501,2 µg/mL. Las condiciones de estrés afectaron aún más a la producción de EPS: en los distintos tratamientos de pH, los EPS oscilaron entre 136 y 367 µg/mL, con una producción óptima cerca del pH neutro, mientras que una salinidad moderada estimuló la síntesis de EPS, aumentando las concentraciones de 171–221 µg/mL en los controles sin NaCl a 262–376 µg/mL con un 0,7–1,1 % de NaCl.

 

Las cepas más productivas se identificaron como Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus licheniformis y Paenibacillus glycanilyticus; todas ellas tienen un uso biotecnológico potencial en la mejora de la estructura de los suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos que se someten a biorremediación en la Amazonía ecuatoriana.

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Cómo citar

APA

Ortega Chávez, J., Luna Unda , V. & García Villacís , K. (2026). Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia. Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología, 28(1), 8–20. https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v28n1.120742

ACM

[1]
Ortega Chávez, J., Luna Unda , V. y García Villacís , K. 2026. Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia. Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología. 28, 1 (jun. 2026), 8–20. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v28n1.120742.

ACS

(1)
Ortega Chávez, J.; Luna Unda , V.; García Villacís , K. Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia. Rev. colomb. biotecnol. 2026, 28, 8-20.

ABNT

ORTEGA CHÁVEZ, J.; LUNA UNDA , V.; GARCÍA VILLACÍS , K. Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia. Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología, [S. l.], v. 28, n. 1, p. 8–20, 2026. DOI: 10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v28n1.120742. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/biotecnologia/article/view/120742. Acesso em: 19 ago. 2026.

Chicago

Ortega Chávez, Josselyn, Verónica Luna Unda, y Karina García Villacís. 2026. «Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia». Revista Colombiana De Biotecnología 28 (1):8-20. https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v28n1.120742.

Harvard

Ortega Chávez, J., Luna Unda , V. y García Villacís , K. (2026) «Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia», Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología, 28(1), pp. 8–20. doi: 10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v28n1.120742.

IEEE

[1]
J. Ortega Chávez, V. Luna Unda, y K. García Villacís, «Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia», Rev. colomb. biotecnol., vol. 28, n.º 1, pp. 8–20, jun. 2026.

MLA

Ortega Chávez, J., V. Luna Unda, y K. García Villacís. «Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia». Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología, vol. 28, n.º 1, junio de 2026, pp. 8-20, doi:10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v28n1.120742.

Turabian

Ortega Chávez, Josselyn, Verónica Luna Unda, y Karina García Villacís. «Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia». Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología 28, no. 1 (junio 1, 2026): 8–20. Accedido agosto 19, 2026. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/biotecnologia/article/view/120742.

Vancouver

1.
Ortega Chávez J, Luna Unda V, García Villacís K. Production of exopolysaccharides by Bacillus spp. from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Ecuadorian Amazonia. Rev. colomb. biotecnol. [Internet]. 1 de junio de 2026 [citado 19 de agosto de 2026];28(1):8-20. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/biotecnologia/article/view/120742

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