REDUCCIÓN DE LA DOSIS SUPERFICIAL MEDIANTE EL EFECTO DE FILTRADO EN EL ESPECTRO DE RAYOS X DE UN ESTUDIO PEDIÁTRICO DE ABDOMEN
SURFACE DOSE REDUCTION BY FILTERING EFFECT IN THE X-RAY SPECTRUM OF A PEDIATRIC ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n73.120193Keywords:
Técnica rutinaria, dosis superficial, calidad, cantidad, técnica rutinaria, dosis superficial, calidad, cantidad (es)routine technique, surface dose, quality, quantity (en)
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Se evaluó la reducción de dosis superficial mediante el efecto de filtrado en el espectro de rayos X de un estudio pediátrico de abdomen. Se utilizó la base de datos XCOM-NIST para evaluar el espectro de absorción e IPEM REPORT 78 para generar los Espectros de Rayos X. Se emplearon un multisensor RADCAL AGMS-DM+ para la caracterización dosimétrica, además de un fantoma de torso pediátrico CIRS 715 y el fantoma físico TOR 18FG para la calidad de imagen. La técnica rutinaria, del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades neoplásicas presentó una filtración total de 2.946 mmAl + 0.1 mmCu, una energía media de 49.30 keV y una dosis en piel medida de 27.77 uGy. Se definió como rango indeseable de energía 0-45 keV y se analizaron los espectros de absorción del I, Pd y Mo. Se encontró que 0.04 mmI, 0.03 mmPd y 0.05 mmMo, elevaron la energía media a 50.50 keV, 52.60 keV, 53.10 keV y redujeron la dosis superficial en 30.23 %, 55.43 % y 61.91 % respectivamente. La aplicación del Mo (disponible comercialmente) como técnica propuesta redujo la dosis superficial medida a 13.55 uGy, sin afectar la resolución espacial (3.55 pl/mm), el umbral de bajo contraste (0.015), y obteniendo una imagen del fantoma de torso similar a la técnica rutinaria. Estos resultados demuestran la viabilidad de optimizar la dosis superficial en pacientes pediátricos de 5 años, mediante el uso de la base de datos XCOM NIST y el efecto del filtrado de los rayos X, sin comprometer la calidad de imagen.
The reduction of surface dose through the filtering effect on the X-ray spectrum in a pediatric abdominal study was evaluated. The XCOM-NIST database was used to assess the absorption spectrum, and IPEM Report 78 was used to generate the X-ray spectra. A RADCAL AGMS-DM+ multisensor was employed for dosimetric characterization, together with a CIRS 715 pediatric torso phantom and a TOR 18FG physical phantom for image quality assessment. The routine technique used at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases showed a total filtration of 2.946 mmAl + 0.1 mmCu, a mean energy of 49.30 keV, and a measured skin dose of 27.77 μGy. An undesirable energy range of 0-45 keV was defined, and the absorption spectra of I, Pd, and Mo were analyzed. It was found that 0.04 mmI, 0.03 mmPd, and 0.05 mmMo increased the mean energy to 50.50 keV, 52.60 keV, and 53.10 keV, respectively, and reduced the surface dose by 30.23%, 55.43%, and 61.91%, respectively. The application of Mo, which is commercially available, as the proposed technique reduced the measured surface dose to 13.55 μGy without affecting spatial resolution (3.55 lp/mm) or low-contrast threshold (0.015), while producing a torso phantom image similar to that obtained with the routine technique. These results demonstrate the feasibility of optimizing surface dose in 5-year-old pediatric patients by using the XCOM-NIST database and the X-ray filtration effect, without compromising image quality.
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