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Área óptima para zapatas combinadas en forma de T asumiendo que el área en contacto con el suelo trabaja parcialmente en compresión
Optimal area for T-shaped combined footing assuming that the contact area with the soil works partially in compression
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rbct.n58.120221Palabras clave:
área óptima, zapatas combinadas en forma de T, superficie mínima, superficie está parcialmente comprimida (es)optimal area, T-shaped combined footings, minimum surface, surface is partially compressed (en)
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Este estudio muestra un modelo óptimo para determinar la superficie mínima en contacto con el suelo para zapatas combinadas en forma de T, tomando en cuenta que la superficie está parcialmente a comprimida, es decir, una parte de la superficie debajo de la zapata en contacto con el suelo está a compresión y la otra parte la presión es cero (presión lineal sobre el suelo). Hay trabajos que muestran la superficie mínima para zapatas combinadas en forma de T, pero la superficie bajo la zapata en contacto con el suelo trabaja completamente a compresión. El modelo se desarrolla por integración y/o por las propiedades geométricas de una pirámide de base triangular para obtener las ecuaciones de la fuerza resultante y los dos momentos (ejes X e Y) para los quince casos de flexión biaxial y tres casos para flexión uniaxial (My1 y My2 son iguales a cero). Se presentan tres ejemplos numéricos con los mismos datos: El ejemplo 1 es para diferentes momentos; El ejemplo 2 es para momentos Mx1 y Mx2 iguales a cero; El ejemplo 3 es para momentos My1 y My2 iguales a cero. Además, se realiza una comparación con el modelo actual (área trabaja completamente bajo compresión) y el nuevo modelo (área trabaja parcialmente bajo compresión). Los resultados muestran que se puede lograr un ahorro de hasta un 31.40 % en el área de contacto con el suelo. De esta manera, el modelo de superficie mínima será de gran ayuda para los especialistas en ingeniería de cimentaciones.
This study shows an optimal model to determine the minimum contact surface with the soil for T-shaped combined footings, assuming that the surface is partially compressed, this is, a part of the surface under the footing in contact with the soil is compressed and the other part the pressure is zero (linear pressure on the soil). There are works that show the minimum surface for T-shaped combined footings, but the surface beneath the footing in contact with the soil is fully compressed. The model is developed by integration and/or by the geometric properties of a pyramid with a triangular-based to obtain the equations of the resultant force and the two moments (X and Y axes) for the fifteen cases of biaxial bending and three cases for uniaxial bending (My1 and My2 are equals to zero). Three numerical examples are presented with the same data: Example 1 for different moments; Example 2 for moments Mx1 and Mx2 equals to zero; Example 3 for moments My1 and My2 equals to zero. Also, a comparison is made with the current model (area is fully compressed) and the new model (area is partially compressed). The results show that savings of up to 31.40% can be achieved in the area of contact with the soil. In this way, the minimum surface model will be of great help to foundation engineering specialists.
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