Identificación de potivirus presentes en plantas de lulo (solanum quitoense lam)
Identication of potivirus present in lulo (solanum quitoense lam)
Keywords:
Potivirus, Solanum quitoense Lam, Patologías de Lulo, dsRNA, RT-PCR (es)Potyivirus, Solanum quitoense Lam, phytopathology, dsRNA, RT-PCR (en)
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El lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.), siendo una planta nativa de la región andina con gran potencial comercial, aún está en proceso de domesticación y presenta problemas fitosanitarios de importancia. La enfermedad del Amarillamiento de la hoja que causa pérdidas importantes fue descrita por Zuluaga (1996); de acuerdo con su sintomatología (enanismo, muestras de patrones de amarillamiento o de mosaico en hojas, las que a su vez sufren enrollamientos de los bordes hacia la parte baja), se atribuía a la acción de un virus no identificado. Dada la especificidad mostrada por los virus y la semejanza de la enfermedad con la causada por potivirus en otras solanáceas, se planteó que debía ser un virus de este género el causante de la enfermedad. El presente trabajo buscó determinar la presencia de virus del tipo potivirus en muestras recolectadas en localidades del Departamento de Cundinamarca (municipios de Albán y Pasca) y sin pretender hacer estudios de tipo epidemiológico, se trató de establecer si la presencia de potivirus pudiese estar relacionada con la aparición de la sintomatología típicamente descrita. Se aplicaron dos metodologías que han demostrado tener buena sensibilidad y reproducibilidad: análisis de RNA de doble cadena (dsRNA) (Morris y Dodds, 1979) y ensayos de RT-PCR empleando "primers" específicos diseñados por Langeveld et al (1991). Fue posible detectar la presencia de potivirus en algunas de las muestras estudiadas, sin embargo, no se encontró correlación entre su aparición y el desarrollo de sintomatología por parte de las plantas.
The Solanaceous fruit Solanum quitoense Lam, is originally from Andean región of South America. This fruit has commercial prospective. The Leaf Yellowing Disease in Lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam) was first described by Zuluaga in 1991. It causes economically losses and has been associated with a virus attack. The disease's symptoms included stunting, yellow streaking or mosaic patterns in leaves, often with a curling of the leaf margins. In order to diagnostic the presence of virus, we applied two different strategies. The first one consisted of a modified technique of RNA double strand isolation (Morris and Dodds, 1979). The second one consisted on applying RT-PCR system using specific "primers" designed to amplify cDNA fragments spaning the 3'-terminal part of the Nlb cistron and the 5'-terminal part of the potyvirus CP cistron (Langeveld et al 1991). By applying the modified method of Morris and Dodds, it was possible to observe characteristic bands of double strand RNA. Amplification with "primers" POT1 and POT2 yielded a fragment of about 1 Kpb, whose length was in agreement with the known sequences of potyvirus. Here we report by the first time a potyvirus presence in Lulo plants affected with leaf yellowing disease, identified by dsRNA analysis and RT-PCR procedure.
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