Optimización de un medio de cultivo industrial para la fermentación acetobutilica (abe)
Industrial culture media optimization for acetrobutilic Fermentation
Keywords:
Fermentación, medios de cultivo, Clostridium acetobutylicum (es)Fermentation, culture media, Clostridium acetobutylicum (en)
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En el presente trabajo se optimizó un medio de cultivo industrial para la fermentación acetobutilica (ABE) mediante la aplicación de diseño de experimentos. Se empleó una mutante espontánea resistente al butanol aislada de la cepa de Clostridium acetobutylicum DSM 1732 la cual tolera una concentración de butanol de 2.5% v/v. La mutante produce 15.5 g/1 de solventes totales que representan 30% más que la cepa silvestre. Para diseñar el medio se empleó como fuente de carbono, melazas de caña. Los nutrientes se calcularon de acuerdo con la máxima cantidad de biomasa obtenida en medio vegetativo (3.8 g/1 en peso seco). Con el propósito de determinar los componentes del medio de cultivo que afectan significativamente la producción de solventes, se diseñó una matriz del método estadístico Plackell-Burman. La composición final del medio de cultivo se determinó mediante la aplicación del método EVOP-Simplex. La composición del medio optimizado por litro fue la siguiente: melaza 130 g, biotina 4.0 mg, PAB A 3.0 mg, KH2PO4 1,8 g, extracto de levadura 3.0 g, solución de minerales 4 ml; pH 6.1 antes de esterilizar. Con este medio se obtuvo una concentración de 24.6 g /I de solventes totales. Esta concentración représenla un incremento del 58,7% comparado con la producción de la cepa mutante, antes de optimizar el medio de cultivo.
The industrial culture media for butanol-ethanol-acetone fermentation (ABE) was optimized by experimental design. A butanol resistant mutant isolated from Clostridium acetobutylicum DSM 1732 was used. This mutant produced 15.5 g/1 of total solvents, 30% more than the wild strain solvent production. Mutant strain resists a concentration of 2,5% v/v meanwhile the type strain resists 1 % v/v butanol concentration. Molasses of sugar cane as carbon source were used. The molasses concentration was determined based on the necessary glucose concentration for producing 15 g/1 of butanol as limit product in the ABE fermentation. The nutrients were calculated in according lo literature reports and lo highest biomasse production on vegetative medium 3.8g/l. For determining which variables have significant effect on the total solvent production, the PLAKET-BURMAN method was used. The final concentrations of the culture medium were determined by EVOP-Simplex method. A liter of optimized industrial medium is composed by: molasses 130 g, biotin 4.0 mg, PAB A 3.0 mg, KH2PO41.8 g, yeast extract 3.0 g, minerals stock 4 ml and distilled water lo complete 1 liter; pH 6.1 before sterilization. Using this medium the total solvents production was 24,6 g/1. The production increment is equivalent lo 58,7%, compared lo the mutant strain before the medium was optimized.
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Copyright (c) 1999 Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología

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