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Weighted Average Bridge Inspection Methodology (WABIM)
Metodología de Inspección de Puentes por Promedios Ponderados (WABIM)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v90n225.104694Palabras clave:
bridge methodology; damage quantification; pathologies; structural health; visual inspection (en)metodología de puentes; cuantificación de daño; patologías; salud estructural; inspección visual (es)
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This article discusses developing a methodology based on visual inspection for quantifying bridge damage (WABIM). The proposed methodology was developed through the application of weighted averages and a case study. Many current visual inspection methodologies, manuals, or guides related to bridges only allow qualitative results to be determined. Consequently, a high degree of inefficiency and inaccuracy was identified in the results from traditional methodologies; since they have a subjective approach, the results merely depend on the observer. Therefore, a methodological proposal was generated that allowed qualitative results to be described quantitatively, increasing the objectivity of the analysis and the accuracy of bridge maintenance plans. Rating ranges are used with weighted averages for each pathology, applied directly to the structural elements of the bridges. The classification guidelines and pathologies of bridge structures are adapted according to the Manual for the Visual Inspection of Bridges and Pontoons of Invías, Colombia. The case study was developed on a bridge in the city of Pereira, Colombia, presenting more significant surface deterioration and equipment deterioration. The WABIM methodology identified that periodic maintenance is required and the intervention's emphasis.
Este artículo contiene el desarrollo de una metodología basada en inspección visual para la cuantificación de daño en puentes mediante la aplicación de promedios ponderados y un caso de aplicación práctica. En atención a que, la mayoría de metodologías, manuales o guías de inspección visual actual relacionadas con puentes, sólo permiten determinar resultados cualitativos. Por consiguiente, se identificó un alto grado de ineficiencia en las diferentes perspectivas aplicadas al análisis de los resultados, teniendo así un enfoque subjetivo. Dado lo anterior, se genera una propuesta metodológica que permite describir resultados cualitativos de modo cuantitativo aumentando la objetividad de los análisis finales y el nivel de soporte a los planes de mantenimiento de puentes. Se emplean rangos de calificación con promedios ponderados para cada patología, aplicados directamente a los elementos estructurales de los puentes. Los lineamientos de clasificación y patologías de estructuras de puentes, se adaptan de acuerdo al Manual para la Inspección Visual de Puentes y Pontones del Invías, Colombia. El caso de estudio se desarrolló sobre un puente en la ciudad de Pereira, Colombia, que presentó un deterioro mayor en la superficie y equipamiento. El método WABIM permitió identificar que se requiere un mantenimiento periódico y el énfasis de la intervención.
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