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“Mujeres negociando paz. ¿un paso hacia la paz duradera?”
Women Negotiating Peace: A Step Toward Lasting Peace?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ga.v27n2.119224Palabras clave:
mujeres, negociaciones de paz, conflicto, consolidación de la paz, disposiciones relativas al género (es)Descargas
Este estudio investiga si la inclusión de las mujeres en las negociaciones de paz facilita una paz duradera. Sostenemos que la presencia de mujeres negociadoras y la acción de los grupos de mujeres de la sociedad civil durante negociaciones de paz refuerzan la durabilidad de la paz y que las consideraciones específicas de género durante estas negociaciones crean las condiciones para sociedades más igualitarias.Este estudio aplica un nuevo enfoque de análisis al vincular la participación de las mujeres en los procesos de paz con las disposiciones relacionadas con el género y la durabilidad de la paz. El análisis de una serie de acuerdos de paz firmados entre 1989 y 2018, mediante una regresión de Cox, muestra una disminución significativa de la recurrencia del conflicto cuando al menos una mujer fue signataria del acuerdo. Sin embargo, debido al número limitado de casos con mujeres firmantes (nueve), no es posible generalizar los resultados. El análisis de regresión también revela que las disposiciones relacionadas con el género que no abordan los cambios en las relaciones de género no afectan significativamente a la durabilidad de la paz. Como lo evidencian los casos de Colombia y Mindanao (Filipinas), la inclusión de las mujeres en las negociaciones de paz no asegura necesariamente una paz duradera. Esto resalta la importancia de realizar estudios contextualizados. El análisis de estos casos subraya la necesidad de examinar en profundidad las dinámicas de poder de género y de incorporar disposiciones que integren esta perspectiva en los acuerdos de paz.
This study investigates whether including women in peace negotiations has facilitated lasting peace. We argue that female negotiators participation and the action of women’s civil society groups in peace negotiations strengthen peace durability. We contend that gender-specific considerations during these negotiations create conditions for more gender-equal societies that, in turn, makes peace more stable. This study applies a new approach in its analysis by linking women’s participation in peace processes with gender-related provisions and peace durability. An analysis of a series of peace agreements signed from 1989 to 2018 through a Cox regression shows a significant decrease in the recurrence of conflict when at least one woman was a signatory of the agreement. Yet, due to the limited number of nine cases with female signatories, it is not possible to generalize the results. The regression analysis also reveals that gender-related provisions that do not address changes in gender relations do not affect peace durability significantly. As the Colombian and Mindanao (Philippines) cases demonstrate, women’s participation in peace negotiations is no guarantee of lasting peace, thus highlighting the relevance of contextualized studies. The cases' analysis underscores the importance of addressing gender power dynamics thoroughly and implementing gender-inclusive provisions in peace agreements.
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