Published

2006-05-01

Efecto del tamaño y de la cobertura vegetal de parques urbanos en la riqueza y diversidad de la avifauna de Bogotá, Colombia

Keywords:

Avifauna, Bogotá, Cobertura Vegetal, Biodiversidad, Destrucción del Habitat, Medio Ambiente Sensible, Habitat Urbano. (es)
Avifauna, Bogotá, Plant Cover Biodiversity, Habitat Destruction, Sensitive Environment, Urban Habitat, Biodiversity. (en)

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Authors

  • Carolina Berget Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales. Bogotá
En un sector de la ciudad de Bogotá, entre abril y junio del 2004, se investigó cómo ciertas características de parques (tamaño, distancia a cerros, cobertura y diversidad vegetal) afectan la diversidad de la avifauna de éstos. Los muestreos de la avifauna se llevaron a cabo en 18 parques de diversos tamaños (100 m2 – 1 300 000 m2) y a diferentes distancias (1.40 km – 7.0 km) de dos parches de vegetación nativa ubicados en los Cerros Orientales de Bogotá, presuntos hábitat fuente. Los análisis de regresión lineal revelaron que la diversidad de la avifauna se ve afectada por el tamaño del parque y en cierta medida por el porcentaje de cobertura vegetal, y no por las otras variables. Esto se explica porque estos parques no se consideran fragmentos , sino más bien islas creadas antrópicamente y por ello no albergan muchas especies propias de ecosistemas relictuales de bosque. Por esta razón, se concluye que los cerros no son hábitat fuente de especies de aves para los parques estudiados, ya que éstos últimos no poseen una vegetación propicia para que especies de bosque los habiten. Estos parques, en cambio, sí son hábitats propicios para el establecimiento de especies asociadas a áreas abiertas, ya que sus características vegetales así lo permiten.
In one section of Bogotá city some characteristics of urban recreational areas (size, distance to the east hills, coverage and diversity of vegetation) and their effects over the bird fauna diversity were studied between April and June of 2004. The samplings were made in 18 recreational areas of different sizes (100 m2 – 1 300 000 m2), and at different distances (1.40 km – 7.0 km) from two native vegetation patches to the east hills in Bogotá, which were thought to be habitat sources. Lineal regression analysis showed that bird fauna diversity is affected by the size of the recreational area and, to a lesser extent, the vegetation cover, but not by other variables. These recreational areas are not considered fragments but human made islands and, therefore, they do not contain many relict forest bird species. I concluded that the east hills are not source habitat of bird species for the urban recreational areas studied. These habitats are suitable for the establishment of species associated to open areas.

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Berget, C. (2006). Efecto del tamaño y de la cobertura vegetal de parques urbanos en la riqueza y diversidad de la avifauna de Bogotá, Colombia. Gestión Y Ambiente, 9(2), 45-60. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/gestion/article/view/52057

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