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Perfil de bacterias y hongos aerotransportados por la lluvia horizontal de la región del Salto del Tequendama (Colombia)
Profile of Bacteria and Fungi Airborne by the Horizontal Rain of the Region of Salto del Tequendama (Colombia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ga.v24n1.92479Keywords:
Bioaerosoles, calidad del aire exterior, contaminación del aire, microbiota del aire, río Bogotá (es)Bioaerosols, outdoor air quality, air pollution, air microbiota, Bogotá river (en)
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La contaminación del aire en ambientes externos puede ser considerada una vía de transmisión de agentes infecciosos que inducen enfermedades en animales, plantas y humanos. Por lo tanto, la evaluación de bioaerosoles en ambientes externos es importante para evaluar su impacto en el ambiente y en la salud humana. En este estudio se identificaron las bacterias y hongos aerotransportados presentes en el área del salto hidráulico de la región del Salto de Tequendama, con el fin de establecer la posibilidad de riesgo para la salud de los habitantes de esta zona por la exposición a estos microorganismos. Las muestras fueron tomadas en 8 puntos ubicados a lo largo de esta zona empleando la técnica de sedimentación en placa, luego se realizó recuento e identificación de las bacterias y hongos presentes en estas muestras. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio permitieron determinar que la mayor carga microbiana fue encontrada en los puntos en donde se presentan fenómenos de lluvia horizontal y cercanía a la fuente de contaminación (río Bogotá). Stenotrophomonas maltophila, Brevundimonas versicularis, Staphylococcus sp. y Bacillus sp. fueron las especies bacterianas dominantes, mientras que los géneros fúngicos dominantes fueron Bipolaris y Varicosporium. Los microorganismos identificados en este estudio han sido reportados como causantes de enfermedades respiratorias, infecciosas y dérmicas, por lo tanto, estos resultados representan una base que proporciona información para iniciar el desarrollo de políticas de salud pública con respecto al monitoreo y la gestión de la calidad del aire en la región del Salto del Tequendama.
Air pollution in external environments can be considering a route of transmission of infectious agents that induce diseases in animals, plants, and humans. Therefore, the evaluation of bioaerosols in external environments is important to evaluate their impact on the environment and on human health. This study identifies the airborne bacteria and fungi present in the hydraulic jump of the Salto de Tequendama region, to establish the possibility of risk to the health of the inhabitants of this area by exposure to these microorganisms. Samples were taken at 8 points along this area using the plate sedimentation technique, and then the counting and identification of the bacteria and fungi present in these samples was carried out. The results obtained in this study allowed us to determine that the highest microbial concentration was found in the points where horizontal rain phenomena and proximity to the source of contamination (Bogotá River). Stenotrophomonas maltophila, Brevundimonas versicularis, Staphylococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. were the dominant bacterial species, while the dominant fungal genera were Bipolaris and Varicosporium. The microorganisms identified in this study have been reported as causing respiratory, infectious, and dermal diseases, therefore, these results represent a basis that provides information to initiate the development of public health policies with respect to monitoring and quality management air in the Salto del Tequendama region.
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1. Carolina Rubiano-Labrador, Ludys Baena De Avila, Dayana Doria Posada, Rosa Acevedo-Barrios. (2022). Concentrations of Airborne Cultivable Fungi at a Higher Education Institution in Cartagena de Indias, Colombian Caribbean. Aerosol Science and Engineering, 6(4), p.381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41810-022-00151-8.
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