La sangre es más espesa que el agua: perspectivas históricas y analíticas sobre los estudios del parentesco y el género
Blood is thicker than water: historical and analytical perspectives on kinship and gender studies
O sangue é mais espesso que a água: perspectivas históricas e analíticas sobre os estudos do parentesco e do gênero
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/mag.v32n1.76161Palabras clave:
antropología norteamericana, familia, género, matrimonio, parentesco, tecnologías reproductivas. (es)North American anthropology, family, gender, marriage, kinship, reproductive technologies. (en)
antropologia norte-americana, família, gênero, matrimônio, parentesco, tecnologias reprodutivas. (pt)
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Este artículo examina la intersección entre los conceptos de género, parentesco y familia. Contrasta el desarrollo histórico de estos temas en la antropología con las rupturas, paradojas y ambivalencias que surgen del análisis teórico de asuntos contemporáneos, como la aceptación social y la legalización del matrimonio entre parejas del mismo sexo, las nuevas tecnologías reproductivas y las opciones de cambio de sexo, todos los cuales desafían las nociones tradicionales de naturaleza y cultura, biología y sociedad. Presenta algunas de las discusiones adelantadas en estos campos y analiza cómo para entender la categoría de parentesco hay que poner atención a la de género, como si fuesen caras de la misma moneda, pues las dos hacen parte de prácticas que articulan diferentes formas de relacionarse que tienen implicaciones sociales. Finalmente, examina la desigualdad de género desde el punto de vista del parentesco y de la organización social, y sus cruces con otras categorías sociales y culturales.
This article deals with the intersection of the concepts of gender, kinship, and family. It contrasts the historical development of these issues in anthropology with the ruptures, paradoxes, and ambivalences arising from the theoretical analysis of contemporary issues, such as social acceptance and the legalization of same-sex marriage, the new reproductive technologies, and the possibilities of sex change. These issues challenge the traditional notions of nature and culture, biology, and society. To illustrate this, I introduce some of the theories and discussions that have emerged in the field, and purport that to understand kinship as a category, we have to pay attention to gender too, as if they were two sides of the same coin. Both categories are about relational practices that articulate different forms of relatedness and its social implications. Finally, I examine gender inequality from the point of view of kinship and social organization as well as their interactions with other social and cultural categories.
Este artigo examina a interseção entre os conceitos de gênero, parentesco e família. Contrasta o desenvolvimento histórico desses temas na antropologia com as rupturas, paradoxos e ambivalências que surgem da análise teórica de assuntos contemporâneos, como a aceitação social e a legalização do matrimônio entre casais do mesmo sexo, as novas tecnologias reprodutivas e as opções de mudança de sexo, já que todos desafiam as noções tradicionais de natureza e cultura, biologia e sociedade. Apresenta algumas das discussões promovidas nesses campos e analisa como para entender a categoria de parentesco é necessário atentar-se à de gênero, como se fossem caras da mesma moeda, pois as duas fazem parte de práticas que articulam diferentes formas de relacionar-se que têm implicações sociais. Finalmente, examina a desigualdade de gênero a partir do ponto de vista do parentesco e da organização social, e suas relações com outras categorias sociais e culturais.
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1. Tatiana Herrera Rodríguez. (2021). Encuentros entre la antropología médica y la perspectiva de género en Latinoamérica, 2009-2019. Maguaré, 35(1), p.87. https://doi.org/10.15446/mag.v35n1.96665.
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