Publicado

2020-01-01

Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia

Producción continua de carne en sistemas extensivos de cría en las sabanas tropicales del oriente de Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87678

Palabras clave:

replacement beef heifers, growth, lifetime performance, compensatory growth, management strategies (en)
novillas de reemplazo, crecimiento, vida útil, crecimiento compensatorio, estrategias de manejo (es)

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Autores/as

  • Raúl Vera-Infanzón Formerly International Center for Tropical Agriculture, CIAT, Km 17 Cali-Palmira CP 763537, Apartado Aéreo 6713, Cali, Valle del Cauca (Colombia).
  • Carlos Ramírez-Restrepo Formerly Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO Agriculture, Australian Tropical Sciences and Innovation Precinct, James Cook University, Townsville Campus, QLD 4811 (Australia).

Replacement beef heifers in extensive systems of the neotropical savannas of Colombia are low priority animals and are assigned to native savannas and low-quality pastures, with scarcely researched long-term consequences. The study pooled data from four contemporary grazing experiments to determine the effects of low growth rates of heifers on their lifetime production of liveweight gains (LWGs) per year and per hectare (ha) subject to different management strategies. Three growth rates were imposed on grazing heifers during the growing phase (i.e. nine-36 months of age) on Brachiaria humidicola pastures. Upon the end of the previous phase, animals were allocated to a B. humidicola paddock with a reduced stocking rate or introduced to a B. decumbens sward to allow compensatory LWGs during the breeding phase (i.e. cows plus weaned calves). Severely limited heifers allowed to make compensatory growth did not reach the outputs of better fed animals. Regardless of the strategy followed, high producing years tended to be followed by lower production in the following year. Comparison with reasonably fed breeding cows full-time on well-managed B. decumbens showed important and significant differences in favor of the more intensive system over the lifetime of the animals. Over the nine-year period, the systems’ beef output (i.e. weaned calves plus cows’ LWGs) ranged between 86 and 206 kg/ha/year and demonstrated that a wide array of low input management alternatives is feasible. Beef output increases if the LW of cull cows is considered, particularly if they are allowed a short period of fattening during the rainy reason on a low input pasture.

Las novillas de reemplazo en los sistemas extensivos de cría de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia son animales de baja prioridad para el productor y generalmente se les asignan sabanas nativas o pasturas de baja calidad. Las consecuencias de dicha estrategia de manejo han sido poco investigadas. Este trabajo reunió datos de cuatro experimentos de pastoreo contemporáneos y de largo plazo para estimar el efecto de las bajas tasas de crecimiento sobre la ganancia de peso por año y por hectárea (ha) de novillas sometidas a diferentes estrategias de manejo. Se usaron tres cargas animales durante la fase de crecimiento para lograr tasas de crecimiento contrastantes entre los nueve y 36 meses de edad, con pasturas de baja calidad de Brachiaria humidicola, caracterizadas por bajo contenido de proteína bruta y baja digestibilidad. Durante la fase de cría y reproducción las novillas pasaron a pasturas de B. humidicola o de B. decumbens con cargas reducidas, para permitir ganancias de peso compensatorias. Los animales de menor ganancia durante el crecimiento no lograron ganancias compensatorias que les permitieran alcanzar a aquellos mejor alimentados. Independientemente de la estrategia de alimentación, años de relativamente alta producción fueron seguidos por años de baja producción en forma cíclica. La comparación con animales mejor alimentados con pastura de B. decumbens bien manejada, mostró diferencias considerables y significativas acumuladas durante su vida útil. A lo largo de nueve años de experimentación, la producción de ganancia de peso de vacas más terneros destetos varió entre 86 y 206 kg/ha/año, demostrando las consecuencias de largo plazo del amplio rango de estrategias de manejo experimentadas. La producción de carne en estos sistemas se puede aumentar si se le suma el peso de vacas de descarte, particularmente, si le les permite un periodo de ceba corto durante la estación lluviosa, incluso usando pasturas de calidad baja.

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Cómo citar

APA

Vera-Infanzón, R. y Ramírez-Restrepo, C. (2020). Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, 67(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87678

ACM

[1]
Vera-Infanzón, R. y Ramírez-Restrepo, C. 2020. Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia. 67, 1 (ene. 2020), 42–59. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87678.

ACS

(1)
Vera-Infanzón, R.; Ramírez-Restrepo, C. Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia. Rev. Med. Vet. Zoot. 2020, 67, 42-59.

ABNT

VERA-INFANZÓN, R.; RAMÍREZ-RESTREPO, C. Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, [S. l.], v. 67, n. 1, p. 42–59, 2020. DOI: 10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87678. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/remevez/article/view/87678. Acesso em: 12 jul. 2024.

Chicago

Vera-Infanzón, Raúl, y Carlos Ramírez-Restrepo. 2020. «Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia». Revista De La Facultad De Medicina Veterinaria Y De Zootecnia 67 (1):42-59. https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87678.

Harvard

Vera-Infanzón, R. y Ramírez-Restrepo, C. (2020) «Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia», Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, 67(1), pp. 42–59. doi: 10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87678.

IEEE

[1]
R. Vera-Infanzón y C. Ramírez-Restrepo, «Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia», Rev. Med. Vet. Zoot., vol. 67, n.º 1, pp. 42–59, ene. 2020.

MLA

Vera-Infanzón, R., y C. Ramírez-Restrepo. «Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia». Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, vol. 67, n.º 1, enero de 2020, pp. 42-59, doi:10.15446/rfmvz.v67n1.87678.

Turabian

Vera-Infanzón, Raúl, y Carlos Ramírez-Restrepo. «Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia». Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia 67, no. 1 (enero 1, 2020): 42–59. Accedido julio 12, 2024. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/remevez/article/view/87678.

Vancouver

1.
Vera-Infanzón R, Ramírez-Restrepo C. Long term beef production in extensive cow-calf systems in the tropical savannas of eastern Colombia. Rev. Med. Vet. Zoot. [Internet]. 1 de enero de 2020 [citado 12 de julio de 2024];67(1):42-59. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/remevez/article/view/87678

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CrossRef Cited-by

CrossRef citations5

1. Carlos A. Ramírez Restrepo, Raul R. Vera-Infanzón, Idupulapati M. Rao. (2023). The carbon footprint of beef production from cull cows finished on sown pastures in the savannas of the Colombian Orinoquía. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Producción Animal, 31(1), p.1. https://doi.org/10.53588/alpa.310101.

2. Raul R. Vera-Infanzón, Idupulapati M. Rao, Carlos A. Ramírez-Restrepo. (2023). A dynamic simulation model to assess farm-level effects of pasture intensification strategies on beef herd outputs and carbon footprints in acid soil savannas of Eastern Colombia. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Producción Animal, 31(1), p.21. https://doi.org/10.53588/alpa.310102.

3. Carlos A. Ramírez-Restrepo, Raul R. Vera-Infanzón, Idupulapati M. Rao. (2020). Predicting methane emissions, animal-environmental metrics and carbon footprint from Brahman (Bos indicus) breeding herd systems based on long-term research on grazing of neotropical savanna and Brachiaria decumbens pastures. Agricultural Systems, 184, p.102892. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102892.

4. Raul R. Vera, Carlos Alberto Ramírez-Restrepo. (2022). Modelling the reproductive performance of tropical beef herds using long-term experimental grazing data on Urochloa humidicola pastures in the Llanos of Colombia. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Producción Animal, 30(3), p.225. https://doi.org/10.53588/alpa.300307.

5. Carlos A. Ramírez-Restrepo, Raul R. Vera-Infanzón, Idupulapati M. Rao. (2023). The carbon footprint of young-beef cattle finishing systems in the Eastern Plains of the Orinoco River Basin of Colombia. Frontiers in Animal Science, 4 https://doi.org/10.3389/fanim.2023.1103826.

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