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Eficacia antiparasitaria in vitro del extracto de quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) sobre larvas infectantes de Haemonchus contortus de ovinos
In vitro antiparasitic efficacy of the quebracho extract (Schinopsis balansae) on infecting larvae of Haemonchus contortus of sheep
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v68n3.99899Keywords:
ovinos, extracto de quebracho, Haemonchus contortus, efecto antihelmíntico (es)sheep, quebracho extract, Haemonchus contortus, anthelmintic effect (en)
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El objetivo fue evaluar in vitro la eficacia del extracto de quebracho (Bioquina®), rico en taninos condensados, en el control de H. contortus de ovinos, dadas las evidencias de que los taninos condensados provenientes del extracto de quebracho (Schinopsis spp.) pueden reducir la excreción de huevos, la fecundidad de las hembras parásitas y la carga de parásitos nematodos gastrointestinales adultos en rumiantes. Se utilizó el test de inhibición de migración larval (IML) a 3 concentraciones diferentes (5 mg/ml, 15 mg/ml y 30 mg/ml) sobre larvas infectantes de H. contortus susceptibles a todos los grupos químicos. El efecto se analizó mediante un análisis de varianza y para la estimación de las diferencias entre grupos (a posteriori) se usó la prueba LSD Fisher.
El test in vitro demostró que el extracto de quebracho evaluado redujo aproximadamente entre un 74% y un 80% la migración larval a las concentraciones de entre 5 mg/ml y 30 mg/ml. Del análisis de varianza surgen diferencias significativas entre tratamientos (p = 0,0494). Al realizar la prueba de comparación de medias se evidenciaron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) entre los promedios de migración a las diluciones de 5 mg/ml y 15 mg/ml y de 5 mg/ml y 30 mg/ml, mientras que no se detectaron diferencias significativas entre la dilución de 15 mg/ml y 30 mg/ml. Estos resultados señalaron que el extracto de quebracho, a las diluciones evaluadas, presentó actividad antihelmíntica sobre larvas L3 susceptibles de H. contortus; sin embargo, se requiere ampliar los estudios in vivo en ovinos.
The objective of this work was to evaluate in vitro efficacy of the quebracho extract (Bioquina®), rich in condensed tannins, against H. contortus in sheep, since there is evidence that condensed tannins from quebracho extract (Schinopsis spp.) can reduce egg excretion, fecundity of parasitic females and the burden of adult gastrointestinal nematode parasites in ruminants. A larval migration inhibition (IML) test was used to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effect of the quebracho extract. Infective H. contortus larvae from a susceptible strain to all chemical groups were utilized with 3 extract concentration (5 mg/ml, 15 mg/ml, and 30 mg/ml). The effect of the treatments was submitted to a variance analysis and the estimation of the differences between groups (a posteriori) was evaluated using LSD Fisher test.
Results from the in vitro test, revealed significant migration average inhibition percentages that varies from 74% to 80% between 5 mg/ml to 30 mg/ml dilutions. From the analysis of variance, significant differences appear between treatments (p = 0,0494). When performing the mean comparison test, significant differences (p < 0,05) were found between the migration averages at dilutions of 5 mg/ml and 15 mg/ml, and between 5 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml, while no significant differences were detected between the dilution of 15 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml. These results indicated that quebracho extract at the dilutions evaluated showed anthelmintic activity on L3 susceptible to H. contortus.
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