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Evaluación de la administración de medicamentos veterinarios en hatos lecheros de quince municipios de Cundinamarca, Colombia
Evaluation of veterinary drug stewardship in dairy herds of fifteen municipalities from Cundinamarca, Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v24n4.102018Palabras clave:
Programas de optimización del uso de los antimicrobianos, resistencia a medicamentos, drogas veterinarias, inocuidad de los alimentos (es)Antibiotic stewardship, drug resistance ungal, veterinary drugs, food safety (en)
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Objetivo Evaluar el conocimiento en el uso de Medicamentos de Uso Veterinario (MUV) de los productores ganaderos y personal involucrado en Bogotá y municipios aledaños.
Métodos Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal a través de entrevistas a operarios y productores ganaderos de una muestra de 30 hatos lecheros localizados en 15 municipios cerca de Bogotá, Cundinamarca.
Resultados Se identificó la implementación de prácticas para la administración de MUV, incluyendo parámetros que influencian su administración y conocimientos en las personas que los prescriben y administran. Se encontró que los medicamentos de mayor frecuencia fueron los antimicrobianos con 60,7%, entre los cuales se destaca el uso de penicilina y oxitetraciclina. Los MUV inyectables (parenterales) fueron las formas más frecuentes de aplicación con un 64,7%. Se identificaron 251 MUV en los hatos lecheros, de los cuales el 81,3% están compuestos por principios activos que requieren tiempo de retiro en leche y carne. Se destaca el rol del mayordomo en el cuidado animal a nivel diagnóstico y administración del tratamiento.
Conclusión El presente estudio sugiere que el uso de MUV es implementado empíricamente en producciones lecheras y podría contribuir a mediano y largo plazo a la emergencia de cepas con resistencia a MUV.
Objective To evaluate the knowledge in the antibiotic stewardship practices in livestock producers and associated staff from Bogotá and neighboring municipalities.
Methods A cross-sectional study was performed through interviews for livestock producers and staff in a sample of 30 dairy farms located in 15 municipalities near Bogota, Cundinamarca. We evaluated practice administration of veterinary drugs and knowledge in antibiotic stewardship by farm livestock managers in charge who prescribe and administer veterinary drugs.
Results The most common veterinary drugs were antimicrobials with 60.7% such as penicillin and oxytetracycline. The injectable veterinary drugs (parenteral) were the most frequently used with 64.7%. We identified 251 veterinary drugs in the dairy farms where 81.3% of active compounds require withdrawal time in the milk and meat. The butler role in animal care was highlighted at diagnostic level and treatment compliance.
Conclusion This study suggests that recommendations for veterinary drug stewardship remain empirically implemented in dairy farms which might lead to the future emergence of multidrug-resistant strains in the long and middle term.
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1. Ángela Sofía Ágredo-Campos, Cecilia Camussone, Ömer Akineden, Jorge A. Fernández-Silva, Nicolás F. Ramírez-Vásquez. (2025). Pheno- and genotypic epidemiological characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bulk tank milk in Colombia. International Dairy Journal, 160, p.106088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2024.106088.
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