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Demandas emocionales, vocación y bienestar ocupacional en profesionales de la salud de Argentina
Emotional demands, vocation and occupational well-being in healthcare professionals in Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v27n1.109330Palabras clave:
Trabajo emocional, vocación, burnout, salud pública (es)Emotional labor, calling, burnout (en)
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Objetivo Analizar la relación entre las demandas emocionales, la vocación de carrera y el bienestar ocupacional en una muestra de profesionales de la salud de Argentina.
Método Se administró un cuestionario digital a 142 profesionales de la salud de una zona metropolitana de Argentina, contactados a través de un enfoque de redes. Estos profesionales se desempeñaban de manera independiente o en relación de dependencia en instituciones públicas o privadas de la salud. Los datos fueron analizados mediante un análisis de regresiones múltiples con mínimos cuadrados ordinarios.
Resultados Se reportaron niveles moderados a elevados de exposición a demandas emocionales y agotamiento emocional en la muestra. Asimismo, la mayoría de los participantes describieron su profesión como una vocación. Además, las demandas emocionales mostraron un efecto positivo sobre el agotamiento emocional, lo cual indica que el nivel promedio de agotamiento fue mayor en aquellos casos en los que la exposición a demandas emocionales fue más intensa. Finalmente, los resultados revelaron que los participantes que tenían un sentido profundo de propósito y una orientación prosocial tendieron a experimentar niveles más elevados de compromiso laboral.
Conclusiones Las demandas emocionales y la vocación de carrera asumen un papel importante en el bienestar de los profesionales de la salud, por lo que ambos elementos deberían ser considerados por las instituciones al diseñar estrategias que busquen mejorar su salud psicosocial.
Objective To analyze the relationship among emotional demands, career vocation and occupational well-being in a sample of healthcare professionals in Argentina.
Method An online survey was administered to 142 healthcare professionals from a metropolitan area of Argentina contacted through a network approach. These professionals either worked independently or were employed in public or private healthcare institutions. Data were analyzed through multiple regression analysis with ordinary least squares.
Results Moderate to high levels of exposure to emotional demands and emotional exhaustion were reported in the sample. Moreover, most participants described their profession as a calling. Furthermore, emotional demands showed a positive effect on emotional exhaustion, indicating that the average level of exhaustion was higher in those cases in which the exposure to emotional demands was more intense. Finally, the results revealed that those participants who reported having a deep sense of purpose and a prosocial orientation tended to experience higher levels of work engagement.
Conclusions Emotional demands and career calling assume an important role in the well-being of healthcare professionals, suggesting that both elements should be considered by institutions when designing strategies that seek to improve their psychosocial health.
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