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La perspectiva salud-ambiente como herramienta para la ecofarmacovigilancia
The health-environment perspective as a tool for ecopharmacovigilance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v27n1.111296Palabras clave:
Ambiente, preparaciones farmacéuticas, contaminación ambiental, salud pública, medio ambiente y salud pública, salud ambiental (es)Environment, pharmaceutical preparations, environmental pollution, public health, environment and public health, environmental Health (en)
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La contaminación ambiental por medicamentos es un problema ambiental emergente y una preocupación de salud pública. Se han detectado fármacos en diversos ecosistemas, donde han causado impactos negativos, y dadas sus propiedades bioactivas se consideran potencialmente dañinos para diversas especies. La ecofarmacovigilancia estudia la detección, la evaluación, la comprensión y la prevención de los efectos adversos relacionados con la presencia de fármacos en el ambiente. El presente ensayo analiza la ecofarmacovigilancia mediante un paralelo con el libro Primavera silenciosa, se resaltan vacíos de conocimiento y se aborda la problemática con un enfoque que destaca aspectos sociales de los problemas de salud-enfermedad-cuidado. Se señala que el abordaje actual de la ecofarmacovigilancia pierde de vista el papel determinante de las relaciones sociales y se enfoca en la búsqueda de causas inmediatas, en el corto plazo y en el estudio de factores aislados. Se observa la necesidad de un replanteamiento teórico del problema, donde se resalten las múltiples relaciones ecosociales. En la actualidad, como sociedad, se está ante la posibilidad de conocer, replantear y tomar acciones frente a la forma en que los seres humanos se relacionan entre sí y con la naturaleza y cómo se asumen las cuestiones de salud-enfermedad-cuidado.
Environmental pollution by pharmaceutical is an emerging environmental issue and a public health concern. Active pharmaceutical ingredients have been detected in various ecosystems, where they have caused negative impacts, and considering their bioactive properties, they are considered potentially harmful to several species. Ecopharmacovigilance is concerned with the detection, evaluation, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment. This essay analyzes ecopharmacovigilance through a parallel with the book Silent spring, highlighting gaps in knowledge and addressing them with an approach that focuses on social aspects of health-disease-care problems. The present document points out that the current approach to ecopharmacovigilance loses sight of the determining role of social relationships, and focuses on the shortterm, the study of isolated factors, and the search for immediate causes. There is a need for a theoretical rethinking of the problem is referred to, where the multiple ecosocial relationships are highlighted. Currently, the society has the possibility of knowing, rethinking, and taking action regarding how humans deal with each other and nature, in relation to health-disease-care issues.
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