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Cáncer en el adulto mayor en Latinoamérica: cooperación interdisciplinaria entre oncología y geriatría
Cancer in older adults in Latin America: interdisciplinary cooperation between oncology and geriatrics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v22n3.84617Palabras clave:
Instituciones oncológicas, geriatría, América Latina (es)Cancer care facilities, geriatrics, Latin America (en)
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Latinoamérica, al igual que el resto del mundo, se está enfrentando actualmente a las consecuencias del envejecimiento poblacional, entre las que se incluye el aumento en la incidencia de neoplasias malignas en adultos mayores, con un subsecuente incremento en la uso de servicios de salud oncológicos. La oncología geriátrica es una disciplina de reciente creación que suma principios geriátricos a los avances oncológicos para ofrecer un tratamiento individualizado a los adultos mayores con cáncer. Este abordaje multidisciplinario actualmente es recomendado en el cuidado oncológico rutinario en adultos mayores. En Latinoamérica existen varias iniciativas asistenciales de enseñanza e investigación en oncología geriátrica; sin embargo, el número de centros especializados y la disponibilidad de personal capacitado en el área es limitada en comparación con los recursos disponibles en países de ingresos altos. En este trabajo se describen recomendaciones internacionales para la implementación de los principios de la oncología geriátrica en la práctica clínica habitual, los centros y recursos con los que se cuenta en Latinoamérica y los retos a futuro para mejorar la atención multidisciplinaria de los adultos mayores con cáncer en la región.
Latin America, like the rest of the world, is currently facing the consequences of population aging. Among these consequences is a rise in incidence in malignant neoplasms among older adults, with an anticipated increase in oncologic health service requirements
in this population. Geriatric oncology is a recently created discipline which integrates geriatric principles into oncology care to offer older adults with cancer individualized treatments. This multidisciplinary approach is now recommended as part of routine oncology care by international associations. Although several geriatric oncology clinical, educational and research initiatives exist in Latin America, the number and availability of specialized facilities and personnel is limited in comparison to those in high-income regions. In this manuscript, we review international recommendations for the implementation of geriatric oncology principles into routine clinical practice, describe resources available for geriatric oncology in Latin America, and provide recommendations to improve multidisciplinary care for older adults with cancer in the region.
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