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Papilomavirus y factores asociados a neoplasia intraepitelial cervical de alto grado en Cauca, Colombia
Papillomavirus and factors associated with high-risk, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia in Cauca, Colombia
Palabras clave:
Neoplasia cervical intraepitelial, factores de riesgo, Papillomavirus Humano, paridad, Colombia (es)Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, risk factor, human papillomavirus, parity, Colombia (en)
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OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el papel de los principales factores de riesgo asociados a lesiones intraepiteliales escamosas de alto grado en mujeres del Departamento del Cauca, Colombia.
Metodología Después de la firma de un consentimiento informado, las mujeres fueron encuestadas para la obtención de datos socio-demográficos y de estilo de vida. Adicionalmente, de cada mujer se obtuvo una biopsia cervical para diagnóstico histopatológico (casos) y una muestra de células exfoliadas (casos y controles) para posterior extracción de ADN y detección de papilomavirus (VPH) por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Un total de 98 casos y 109 controles, apareados por edad y procedencia, fueron reclutados para este estudio.
RESULTADOS: El estudio confirma la asociación entre VPH y el riesgo de neoplasia cervical (OR=19,0; IC95%=8,20-44,2). Los datos sugieren que la multiparidad (OR=4,1; IC95%=1,62-10,6) y la exposición a carcinógenos presentes en el humo de leña (OR=7,3; IC95%=3,00-19,4) son importantes co-factores de riesgo dada la presencia de VPH.
CONCLUSIONES: Estos resultados brindan información valiosa a las instituciones de salud pública para desarrollar mejores programas de promoción y prevención de neoplasia cervical.
OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the role of the main factors associated with high-risk cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women from the Cauca Department in Colombia.
METHODOLOGY After signing a consent-form, women were interviewed to obtain socio-demographic and lifestyle data. A cervical biopsy was performed on each woman for histopathological diagnosis (cases) and a sample of exfoliated cells (cases and controls) to extract DNA for HPV detection by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 98 cases and 109 controls, matched by age and ethnicity, were recruited for the study.
RESULTS: The study confirmed association between HPV and the risk of cervical neoplasia (OR=19.0; 95 % CI=8.20-44.2). The data suggested that multiparity (OR=4.1; 95 % CI=1.62-10.6) and exposure to carcinogens present in wood-smoke (OR=7.3; 95 % CI=3.00-19.4) are important co-factors for cervical neoplasia given the presence of HPV.
CONCLUSIONS: These results provide valuable information for public health institutions to develop better cervical neoplasia prevention programmes.
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