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Infecciones de transmisión sexual en un grupo de alto riesgo de la ciudad de Montería, Colombia
Sexually-transmitted infection in a high-risk group from Montería, Colombia
Palabras clave:
Infecciones por transmisión sexual, trabajadoras sexuales, Colombia, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (es)Sexual transmission, sex-worker, Colombia, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (en)
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Objetivo. Identificar los principales agentes etiológicos de enfermedades de transmisión sexual en una población de alto riesgo de la ciudad de Montería.
Métodos. La población estuvo conformada por 69 trabajadoras sexuales (grupo de alto riesgo) y 16 amas de casa (grupo de bajo riesgo) de la ciudad de Montería. Las muestras de secreción vaginal fueron procesadas según métodos microbiológicos estándares y por el método molecular de AMPLICOR® CT/NG.
Resultados. La edad de las pacientes estuvo entre 18 y 44 años con una media de 26,1. En la población de alto riesgo, se determinó que el 17,4 % fueron positivas para Gardnerella vaginalis, C. trachomatis (5,9 %); Neisseria gonorrhoeae (4,3 %), Trichomonas vaginalis y Candida albicans, (2,9 %); en la población de bajo riesgo Gardnerella vaginalis (56,3 %), C. trachomatis (12,5 %); Neisseria gonorrhoeae (6,3 %), y Candida albicans (12,5 %). Se encontró que la frecuencia de relaciones sexuales en la población de trabajadoras sexuales fue: 70 % (5-10 semanales), 10 % (11-15 semanales) y 20 % (16-20 semanales). El 15,4 % de las trabajadoras sexuales no utilizaron preservativos en sus relaciones sexuales.
Conclusión. Las altas tasas de infección encontradas en las poblaciones estudiadas presumen que existe un alto riesgo de transmisibilidad y es prioridad intervenir en estos grupos para prevenir las infecciones por el VIH y demás infecciones de transmisión sexual.
Objective. Identifying the main aetiological agents of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in a high-risk population from the city of Montería, Colombia.
Methodology. The population consisted of 69 sex-workers (high-risk group) and 16 housewives (low-risk group) living in the city of Montería. Specimens were cultured by standard microbiological methods and by the AMPLICOR CT/NG molecular technique.
Results. Patients were aged 18-44 (26.1 average age). It was determined that 17,4% of the high-risk population were positive for G. vaginalis, 15,9 % for C. trachomatis, 4,3 % for N. gonorrhoeae and 2,9 % for T. vaginalis and Candida albicans and, in the low-risk population, 56,3 % for G. vaginalis, 12,5 % for C. trachomatis, 6,3 % for N. gonorrhoeae and 12,5 % for C. albicans. It was found that 70 % of the sex-workers had 5-10 sexual relationships per week, 10 % 11-15 per week and 20 % 16-20 per week (average above 1 000 annual partners). 15,4 % of the sex-workers did not use protection during their sexual relationships.
Conclusions. The high rates of infection found in the populations studied presume a high risk of transmission, making it a priority to intervene in these groups to prevent the spread of HIV and STI.
Referencias
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