Efectividad de las intervenciones estructurales para la promoción del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes: revisión sistemática
Effectiveness of structural interventions to promote condom use in adolescents and young people: Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v22n4.85800Keywords:
Efectividad, prevención & control, condones, adolescente, adulto joven, revisión sistemática (es)Effectiveness, prevention & control, condoms, adolescent, young adult, systematic Review (en)
Downloads
Objetivo Evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones de tipo estructural o multicomponente dirigidas al incremento del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes, identificar las estrategias que conforman las intervenciones evaluadas y reconocer los modelos teóricos que sustentan dichas intervenciones.
Metodología Diseño: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Fuente de datos: se consultaron las bases de datos MEDLINE vía OVID, Embase y CENTRAL para buscar estudios sobre intervenciones dirigidas al incremento del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes. Selección de estudios: se seleccionaron un total de 7 investigaciones primarias donde se evaluaba el efecto de una intervención estructural o multicomponente para incrementar el uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes. La calidad de los estudios fue evaluada usando la herramienta para valoración de riesgo de sesgos de Cochrane.
Resultados Cinco investigaciones mostraron cambios en los porcentajes del uso del preservativo con valores entre 53 % y el 68 %. Las intervenciones planteadas orientaban sus acciones más a nivel individual con estrategias como: educación sobre salud sexual, consejería en salud reproductiva, conocimientos acerca del preservativo, conocimientos acerca de las ITS/VIH. A nivel organizacional y del entorno iban dirigidas a la provisión de preservativos. Los modelos teóricos planteados en los estudios están centrados en la conducta humana, comportamiento del individuo y el aprendizaje social.
Discusión Las intervenciones de tipo estructural que tienen como fin el incremento del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes parecen mostrar cambios significativos a nivel individual, pero se desconocen los posibles cambios generados a nivel de la organización y del entorno.
Objective Evaluate the effectiveness of structural or multicomponent interventions aimed at increasing the use of condoms in adolescents and young adults, identifying the strategies that form the interventions evaluated, and recognizing the theoretical models that support these interventions.
Methodology Design: Systematic review of literature. Data source: MEDLINE databases were consulted via OVID, Embase, and CENTRAL in order to search for studies on interventions aimed at increasing the use of condoms in adolescents and young adults. Selection of studies: A total of 7 primary investigations were selected, in which the effect of a structured or multicomponent intervention to increase the use of condoms in adolescents and young adults was evaluated. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Cochrane bias risk assessment.
Results Five investigations show changes in the percentages of condom use with values between 53% and 68%. The interventions targeted guided their actions more at individual level with strategies such as sexual health education, reproductive health counseling, knowledge about the condom, knowledge about STIs / HIV, than at organizational and environmental levels, which were aimed at the provision of condoms. The theoretical models proposed in the studies are focused on human behavior, individual behavior, and social learning.
Discussion Structural interventions that aim to increase the use of condoms in adolescents and young adults seem to show significant changes at individual level, but possible changes generated at both organization and environment levels are unknown.
References
UNAIDS. UNAIDS DATA 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2018. Available from: https://bit.ly/32Xqk4i.
WHO. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2016 [cited 2020 Junio 6]. Available from: https://bit.ly/3lNaa6f.
OMS. La OMS advierte de que las personas con más riesgo de contraer la infección por el VIH no están recibiendo los servicios de salud que necesitan [Internet]. Geneva: OMS [cited 2017 Jun 9]. Available from: https://bit.ly/3boLTi5.
UNFPA, World Health Organization, PATH. Condom Programming for HIV Prevention: An operations manual for programme managers. United States; 2005.
Rotermann M. Trends in teen sexual behaviour and condom use. Health Rep. 2008;19(3):53-7.
Zou H, Xue H, Wang X, Lu D. Condom use in China: prevalence, policies, issues and barriers. Sex Health. 2012;9(1):27. DOI:10.1071/SH11021.
Berquó E, Barbosa RM, Lima LP de. Trends in condom use: Brazil 1998 and 2005. Rev Saúde Pública. 2008 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 42:34-44. Available from: https://bit.ly/32Qvm2y.
Faílde Garrido JM, Lameiras Fernández M, Bimbela Pedrola JL. Prácticas sexuales de chicos y chicas españoles de 14-24 años de edad. Gac Sanit. 2008 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 22(6):511-9. Available from: https://bit.ly/2Z4LXPg.
Kann L, McManus T, Harris WA, Shanklin SL, Flint KH, Queen B, et al. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2017. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2018; 67(8):1-114. DOI:10.15585/mmwr.ss6708a1.
Gayet C, Pedrosa LA. Uso del condón entre adolescentes mexicanos para la prevención de las infecciones de transmisión sexual. Salud Pública México. 2003 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 45(5):s632-40. Available from: https://bit.ly/357oTTB.
Arrivillaga M, Tovar LM, Correa D. Evidencia poblacional y análisis crítico de determinación social sobre el uso del condón en Colombia. Rev Cuba Salud Pública. 2012 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 38(4):553-61. Available from: https://bit.ly/2EMxY9P.
Foss AM, Hossain M, Vickerman PT, Watts CH. A systematic review of published evidence on intervention impact on condom use in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Sex Transm Infect. 2007; 83(7):510-6. DOI:10.1136/sti.2007.027144.
DiClemente RJ, Salazar LF, Crosby RA. A Review of STD/HIV Preventive Interventions for Adolescents: Sustaining Effects Using an Ecological Approach. J Pediatr Psychol. 2007; 32(8):888-906. DOI:10.1093/jpepsy/jsm056.
Rodríguez Cabrera A, Sanabria Ramos G, Palú C, Elena M, Perdomo Cáceres B. Estrategia educativa sobre promoción en salud sexual y reproductiva para adolescentes y jóvenes universitarios. Rev Cuba Salud Pública. 2013 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 39(1):161-74. Available from: https://bit.ly/3hVOXVu.
Hernández-Martínez A, García-Serrano I, Simón-Hernández M, Coy-Auñon R, García-Fernández AM, Liante-Peñarrubia E, et al. Efectividad de un programa de educación sexual en adolescentes acerca de la adquisición de conocimientos y cambios de actitud ante el empleo de métodos anticonceptivos. Enferm Clínica. 2009 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 19(3):121-8. DOI:10.1016/j.enfcli.2008.10.012.
Sanz-Martos S, López-Medina IM, Álvarez-García C, Álvarez-Nieto C. Efectividad de las intervenciones educativas para la prevención del embarazo en la adolescencia. Aten Primaria. 2018; 51(7):424-34. DOI:10.1016/j.aprim.2018.04.003.
Millán ZLH, Bravo Polanco E, Hernández P de la CL, Águila Rodriguez N, Cepero Águila L. Efectividad del programa psicoeducativo de educación sexual y salud reproductiva. Rev Cuba Enferm. 2015 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 31(1):1-19. Available from: https://bit.ly/3iaBFoh.
Moreno R, Nababan HY, Ota E, Wariki WMV, Ezoe S, Gilmour S, et al. Structural and community-level interventions for increasing condom use to prevent the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014; 29(7):CD003363. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003363.pub3.
Charania MR, Crepaz N, Guenther-Gray C, Henny K, Liau A, Willis LA, et al. Efficacy of Structural-Level Condom Distribution Interventions: A Meta-Analysis of U.S. and International Studies, 1998–2007. AIDS Behav. 2011; 15(7):1283-97. DOI:10.1007/s10461-010-9812-y.
Blankenship KM, Bray SJ, Merson MH. Structural interventions in public health. AIDS Lond Engl. 2000; 14 Suppl 1:S11-21. DOI:10.1097/00002030-200006001-00003.
Francis DB, Noar SM, Widman L, Willoughby JF, Sanchez DM, Garrett KP. Perceptions of a campus-wide condom distribution programme: An exploratory study. Health Educ J. 2016; 75(8):998-1011. DOI:10.1177/0017896916648994.
Valencia CP, Canaval GE. Factores que predisponen, facilitan y refuerzan el uso del preservativo en jóvenes universitarios de Cali, Colombia. Rev. Salud Pública (Bogota) 2012; 14(5):810–821. DOI:10.15446/rsap.
Kirby D, Lepore G, Ryan J. Sexual risk and protective factors [Internet]. ETR Associates; 2007 [cited 2020 Junio 6]. Available from: https://bit.ly/2QW5n40.
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med. 2009; 6(7):1-6. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.
Mejía AF. Factores asociados al uso consistente del condón en estudiantes de una universidad pública de Cali [Maestría en Epidemiologia]. Cali: Universidad del Valle; 2015.
Majra JP. Correct and consistent use of condoms. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2009; 30(1):53. DOI:10.4103/2589-0557.55487.
Jennifer L. Lauby, Salaam Semaan, Ann O’Connell, Bobbie Person, Amanda Vogel. Factors Related to Self-Efficacy for Use of Condoms and Birth Control Among Women at Risk for HIV Infection. Women Health. 31 de octubre de 2001; 34(3):71-91. DOI:10.1300/J013v34n03_05.
Bryan AD, Aiken LS, West SG. Increasing condom use: Evaluation of a theory-based intervention to prevent sexually transmitted diseases in young women. Health Psychol. 1996; 15(5):371-82. DOI:10.1037//0278-6133.15.5.371.
Calderon Y, Cowan E, Leu C-S, Brusalis C, Rhee JY, Nickerson J, et al. A human immunodeficiency virus posttest video to increase condom use among adolescent emergency department patients. J Adolesc Health Off Publ Soc Adolesc Med. 2013; 53(1):79-84. DOI:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.01.028.
Downs JS, Ashcraft AM, Murray PJ, Berlan ED, Bruine de Bruin W, Eichner J, et al. Video Intervention to Increase Perceived Self-Efficacy for Condom Use in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Female Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2018; 31(3):291-298.e2. DOI:10.1016/j.jpag.2017.10.008.
Exner TM, Tesoriero JM, Battles HB, Hoffman S, Mantell JE, Correale J, et al. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate a structural intervention to promote the female condom in New York state. AIDS Behav. 2012; 16(5):1121-32. DOI:10.1007/s10461-012-0176-3.
Mmbaga EJ, Kajula L, Aarø LE, Kilonzo M, Wubs AG, Eggers SM, et al. Effect of the PREPARE intervention on sexual initiation and condom use among adolescents aged 12–14: a cluster randomised controlled trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Public Health. 2017; 17(322):1-10. DOI:10.1186/s12889-017-4245-4.
Mogro-Wilson C, Drake A, Coman E, Sanghavi T, Martin-Peele M, Fifield J. Increasing condom usage for African-American and hispanic young fathers in a community based intervention. Ethn Health. 2018;1-12. DOI:10.1080/13557858.2018.1427704.
Morales A, Espada JP, Orgilés M, Secades-Villa R, Remor E. The short-term impact of peers as co-facilitators of an HIV prevention programme for adolescents: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care Off J Eur Soc Contracept. 2014;19(5):379-91. DOI:10.3109/13625187.2014.919445.
Rodríguez LR. La teoría de acción razonada: implicaciones para el estudio de las actitudes. Investig Educ. 2007; (7):66-77.
Cabrera G. El modelo transteórico del comportamiento en salud. Fac Nac Salud Pública. 2000 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 18(2):129-38. Available from: https://bit.ly/31Yh68S.
Bandura A. The evolution of social cognitive theory. In: Great mind in management. Oxford University Press; 2005 [cited 2020 Junio 6]. p. 9-35. Available from: https://bit.ly/2F3wyHL.
Bermudez M, Herencia-Leva A, Uribe A. Versiones fuerte y débil del modelo de información-motivación-habilidades conductuales en la predicción del uso del preservativo. Rev Latinoam Psicol. 2009 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 41(3):587-9. Available from: https://bit.ly/32X3JF7.
Cabrera G, Tascón J, Lucumí D. Creencias en salud: historia, constructos y aportes del modelo. Fac Nac Salud Pública. 2001 [cited 2020 Junio 6];19(1):91-101. Available from: https://bit.ly/333azZA.
Manterola C, Otzen T. Los Sesgos en Investigación Clínica. Int J Morphol. 2015 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 33(3):1156-64. Available from: https://bit.ly/3i1S2mX.
Van Belle S, Wong G, Westhorp G, Pearson M, Emmel N, Manzano A, et al. Can “realist” randomised controlled trials be genuinely realist? Trials. 2016; 17(316):1-6. DOI:10.1186/s13063-016-1407-0.
Sweat MD, Denison JA. Reducing HIV incidence in developing countries with structural and environmental interventions. AIDS Lond Engl. 1995; 9 Suppl A:S251-257.
Wulfert E, Wan CK. Condom use: A self-efficacy model. Health Psychol. 1993; 12(5):346-53. DOI:10.1037//0278-6133.12.5.346.
Alvarado JIU, Muñeton MJB, Ruíz LR, Herrera AMT, Vásquez YA. Percepción de Autoeficacia, Asertividad Sexual y Uso del Condón en Jóvenes Colombianos. Acta Colomb Psicol. 2017 [cited 2020 Junio 6]; 20(1):203-11. Available from: https://bit.ly/2QY058d.
Doyle AM, Ross DA, Maganja K, Baisley K, Masesa C, Andreasen A, et al. Long-Term Biological and Behavioural Impact of an Adolescent Sexual Health Intervention in Tanzania: Follow-up Survey of the Community-Based MEMA kwa Vijana Trial. PLoS Med. 2010; 7(6):1-14. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000287.
García PJ, Holmes KK, Cárcamo CP, Garnett GP, Hughes JP, Campos PE, et al. Prevention of sexually transmitted infections in urban communities (Peru PREVEN): a multicomponent community-randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012; 379(9821):1120-8. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61846-1.
Cowan FM, Pascoe SJ, Langhaug LF, Mavhu W, Chidiya S, Jaffar S, et al. The Regai Dzive Shiri Project: results of a randomised trial of an HIV prevention intervention for Zimbabwean youth. AIDS Lond Engl. 2010; 24(16):2541-52. DOI:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833e77c9.
Ross DA, Changalucha J, Obasi AI, Todd J, Plummer ML, Cleophas-Mazige B, et al. Biological and behavioural impact of an adolescent sexual health intervention in Tanzania: a community-randomized trial: AIDS. 2007; 21(14):1943-55. DOI:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833e77c9.
Feldblum PJ, Kuyoh MA, Bwayo JJ, Omari M, Wong EL, Tweedy KG, et al. Female condom introduction and sexually transmitted infection prevalence: results of a community intervention trial in Kenya: AIDS. 2001; 15(8):1037-44. DOI:10.1097/00002030-200105250-00012.
Gregson S, Adamson S, Papaya S, Mundondo J, Nyamukapa CA, Mason PR, et al. Impact and Process Evaluation of Integrated Community and Clinic-Based HIV-1 Control: A Cluster-Randomised Trial in Eastern Zimbabwe. Lange JMA, editor. PLoS Med. 2007; 4(3):e102. DOI:10.1097/00002030-200105250-00012.
Sipe TA, Barham TL, Johnson W, Joseph H, Tungol-Ashmon ML, O’Leary A. Structural Interventions in HIV Prevention: A Taxonomy and Descriptive Systematic Review. AIDS Behav. 2017; 21(12):3366-430. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-017-1965-5.
How to Cite
APA
ACM
ACS
ABNT
Chicago
Harvard
IEEE
MLA
Turabian
Vancouver
Download Citation
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Revista de Salud Pública
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This journal provides immediate free access to its content under the principle that making research available to the public free of charge supports a greater exchange of global knowledge.
All contents of this journal, except where identified, are published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License