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Efectos del trabajo infantil en la salud del menor trabajador
Effects of child labor upon child workers’ health
Keywords:
Trabajo de menores, revisión, factores de riesgo, vulnerabilidad, ocupación (es)Child labor, review, risk factors, vulnerability, occupation (en)
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OBJETIVOS: Revisamos el tema del trabajo infantil, en tres aspectos: 1. Las características de los niños que los hacen vulnerables ante el trabajo; 2. Las enfermedades y accidentes relacionados con el trabajo infantil, y 3. Las lesiones asociadas con diversas ocupaciones de menores, como agricultura, construcción, manufactura, textiles, industria del cuero, ventas en calle y trabajo en plazas de mercado.
MÉTODOS: Se consultaron las bases de datos Medline, EBSCO, PROQUEST e HINARI, y material de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo, la Academia Americana de Pediatría y la Asociación Americana de Psicología.
RESULTADOS: La información acerca de riesgos ocupacionales en niños es muy escasa comparativamente con la de adultos. Se encontró que los niños tienen características que los hacen especialmente vulnerables a los riesgos laborales y no existen estándares claros para protegerlos.
OBJECTIVES: This article presents a review of the evidence on child labor, in three aspects: 1. The characteristics of children which make them vulnerable to labor; 2. The diseases and accidents related with child labor, and 3. The injuries associated with the childs' occupations, such as agriculture, construction, manufacture, textiles, leather industry, street sales and sales in marketplaces.
METHODS: The Medline, EBSCO, PROQUEST and HINARI databases were searched, and material from the International Labor Organization, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Association of Psychology was reviewed.
RESULTS: Information regarding occupational risk in children is poor as compared with information in adults. Children have characteristics which make them particularly vulnerable to occupational risks and there are no clear standards to protect them.
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