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Entorno laboral saludable en Asia y América del Norte revisión de alcance
Healthy work environment in Asia and North America scope review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v24n2.97150Palavras-chave:
Entorno, laboral, saludable, Asia, América del Norte (es)Workplace, healthy, Asia, North America (en)
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Objetivos Realizar una revisión de alcance sobre entorno laboral saludable (ELS) en países de Asia y América del Norte.
Métodos Revisión de documentos de diversos diseños metodológicos resultantes de la matriz PRISMA obtenidos en bases de datos como Scopus, PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual de la Salud (BVS) y otros motores de búsqueda entre los años 2015 y 2020 empleando los descriptores Healthy, Workplace, Enviroment Work y conectores AND y OR.
Resultados Se obtuvo un total de 36 documentos finales. El 66,7% de los estudios encontrados fueron en países de América del Norte. El 44,4% de las publicaciones se realizaron en el año 2019 y 2020. Se halló que la base de datos que más arrojó publicaciones acerca de ELS fue Scopus y la revista que más publicó fue BVS; igualmente los temas más relevantes para alcanzar ELS fueron la promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo mediante la intervención de estrategias encaminadas a los estilos de vida saludables y el impacto de la productividad.
Conclusiones Las estrategias de ELS permiten que los programas de promoción de la salud sean implementados en las empresas con el fin de mejorar los estilos de vida y las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores, incentivando la actividad física, la alimentación balanceada, disminuyendo la ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas y el tabaquismo. Los ELS se relaciona con la mejora continua debido a que favorece el aumento de la productividad y por ende es importante que se puedan implementar en el contexto de la educación, negocios, comercio y desarrollo económico.
Objectives Conduct a scope review on Healthy Working Environment (ELS, by its initials in Spanish) in Asian and North American countries.
Methods Review of documents of various methodological designs resulting from the PRISMA matrix obtained in databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL) and other search engines from the years 2015 to 2020 using the following descriptors: Healthy, Workplace, Enviroment Work and the connectors AND and OR.
Results A total of 36 final documents were obtained. 66.7% of the studies found were in North American countries. 44.4% of publications were made between 2019 and 2020. It was found that the database that yielded the most publications about ELS was Scopus and the magazine that published the most was VHL; also, the most relevant issues to achieve ELS were the promotion of health in the workplace through the intervention of strategies aimed at healthy lifestyles, and the impact of productivity.
Conclusions ELS strategies allow health promotion programs to be implemented in companies in order to improve the lifestyles and working conditions of workers, encou- raging physical activity, balanced eating, and reducing alcohol intake and smoking. The ELS are related to the continuous improvement because it favors the increase of productivity and therefore it is important that they can be implemented in the context ofeducation, business, trade, and economic development.
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