ANÁLISIS DEL PROCESO DE EXTRACCIÓN DE HIERRO DESDE EL LODO ROJO GENERADO EN UNA INDUSTRIA DE ALUMINIO VENEZOLANA
ANALYSIS OF THE EXTRACTION PROCESS OF IRON FROM RED MUD GENERATED IN A VENEZUELAN ALUMINUM INDUSTRY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rev.fac.cienc.v12n1.103693Keywords:
Diseño de experimentos, hierro, lixiviación, lodo rojo (es)experiment design, iron, leaching, red mud (en)
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El presente trabajo muestra el estudio del proceso de extracción de hierro proveniente de lodos rojos a través de su lixiviación con ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4) bajo un diseño de experimentos factorial de dos niveles con cuatro factores (24). Los factores analizados en este trabajo fueron: temperatura de reacción, tiempo de contacto, concentración del ácido y relación líquido a sólido. Se observó que la temperatura de reacción es el factor con mayor incidencia en la cantidad de hierro extraída (80,89%), seguido de la concentración de ácido (3,54 %). La interacción de segundo orden (relación líquido a sólido y temperatura de reacción), de tercer orden (concentración, tiempo y temperatura de reacción) y cuarto orden (concentración de ácido, tiempo de contacto, relación líquido-sólido y temperatura de reacción) afectan de manera significativa la variable respuesta. En base a los factores e interacciones más significativas, se seleccionó como mejor condición para la lixiviación: 30 %v/v de ácido sulfúrico, 3 horas de reacción, relación líquido a sólido 30 mL/g y temperatura de 100 ºC.
The present work shows the study of the iron extraction process from the red mud by its leaching with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) through a factorial design of two levels and four factors (24). The analyzed factor in this work was: reaction temperature, time of contact, acid concentration and the liquid to solid ratio were varied. It was observed that the temperature is the factor with the greatest influence on the quantity of extracted iron (80.89%), following the acid concentration (3.54%). The second order (liquid to solid ratio and reaction temperature), the third order (concentration, time and reaction temperature) and the fourth order (acid concentration, time of contact, solid to liquid ratio and reaction temperature) interactions affect significantly the response factor. On basis to the most significant factors and interactions , it was selected as the best condition for leaching: 30 % v/v acid sulfuric concentration, 3 hour of reaction, liquid to solid ratio 30 mL/g and a temperature of 100 °C
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