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MEIOFAUNA IN TROPICAL MONTANE STREAMS: BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS REGULATING COMMUNITIES
Meiofauna en quebradas de montañas tropicales: factores bióticos y abióticos que regulan las comunidades
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v28n2.103379Palabras clave:
Benthic organisms, Freshwater invertebrates, Protozoa, Stream bed, Streamflow (en)Organismos bénticos, Invertebrados dulceacuícolas, Protozoarios, Cauce del río, Flujo del río (es)
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Meiofauna is a group of heterotrophic organisms smaller than macroinvertebrates but larger than microfauna and characterized by groups such as testate amoebae, ciliates, and nematodes. They are a link between bacteria and resources and macroinvertebrates. However, tropical meiofauna is poorly studied; thus, our goal was to characterize meiofaunal community composition and abundance and assess potential environmental variables controlling these community dynamics. Monthly samplings of meiofauna were conducted for eight months in Quebrada Prieta, El Yunque National Forest, Puerto Rico. Sampling was made in 12 pools, and data on discharge, sediment characteristics, and biotic variables were also collected. A total of 62 meiofaunal morphospecies were identified, with nematodes dominating the community, followed by testate amoebae. Bacterivores and detritivores taxa dominated the community. Meiofaunal abundance was negatively related to discharge and positively to the percentage of coarse sand, nitrate, and macroinvertebrate abundance. The composition of meiofauna in Quebrada Prieta is like the composition reported for temperate streams, at least in major meiofaunal groups present. However, the community in Quebrada Prieta was dominated by testate amoebae. In contrast, temperate streams are often dominated by rotifers and nematodes. Both abiotic and biotic variables are important for meiofaunal communities in the headwater streams in Puerto Rico.
La meiofauna es un grupo de organismos heterotróficos de menor tamaño que los macroinvertebrados, pero mayor que la microfauna que incluye grupos tales como amebas testadas, ciliados y nemátodos. Son un enlace entre las bacterias y los recursos y los macroinvertebrados. Sin embargo, la meiofauna en el trópico ha sido pobremente estudiada; por lo tanto, nuestra meta fue caracterizar la comunidad en términos de su composición y abundancia, así como evaluar potenciales variables ambientales que controlen estas dinámicas comunitarias. Se condujeron muestreos mensuales de meiofauna por un periodo de ocho meses en la Quebrada Prieta, Bosque Nacional El Yunque, Puerto Rico. Los muestreos se realizaron en 12 pozas, y la descarga, las características del sedimento y las variables bióticas se registraron simultáneamente. Se identificaron en total 62 morfoespecies de meiofauna, siendo los nemátodos los más abundantes, seguidos de las amebas testadas. Los grupos bacterívoros y detritívoros dominaron la comunidad. La abundancia de la meiofauna se relacionó negativamente con la descarga y positivamente con el porcentaje de arena gruesa, el nitrato y la abundancia de macroinvertebrados. La composición de la meiofauna en la Quebrada Prieta es similar la reportada para ríos templados, al menos en términos de los grupos de meiofauna presentes. Sin embargo, la comunidad en la Quebrada Prieta estuvo dominada por las amebas testadas. En comparación, los ríos templados son frecuentemente dominados por rotíferos y nematodos. Tanto las variables abióticas como la bióticas son importantes para la comunidad de la meiofauna en las cabeceras del río en Puerto Rico.
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