Publicado

2016-01-01

Leaf traits and plastic potential of plant species in a light-edaphic gradient from a Restinga in southern Brazil

Características de las hojas y potencial plástico de especies vegetales en un gradiente luminoso y edifico sobre Restinga en el sur de Brasil

Palabras clave:

Coastal vegetation, leaf morphology, leaf anatomy, light and soil conditions (en)
Anatomía de la hoja, condiciones de luz y el suelo, morfología de la hoja, vegetación costera (es)

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Autores/as

  • João Carlos Ferreira Melo Júnior Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná
  • Maria Regina Torres Boeger Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná

Restinga formations grow on sandy spits of coastal plains, an environment whose conditions limit the growth and development of vegetal species. Studies on restinga gradients are good examples of how plants acclimate to restrictive environments. This work compares three woody species co-occurring in four vegetations of a restinga from Southern Brazil. It pinpoints morpho-anatomical attributes that favor the survival of species faced with spatial variability of soil and light conditions. Results indicate that they respond differently to environmental variables on different scales. The plastic response of morphological attributes is more marked than that of anatomical ones. Varronia curassavica and Dodonaea viscosa showed more xeromorphic features on the more stressful restinga formations while Symphyopappus casarettoi varied between xerophyte to mesophyte forms along the gradient. Individual height, fresh and dry leaf masses, leaf area, specific leaf mass and area, leaf density, and water content are particularly noteworthy. These responses are strategies allowing the studied species to survive in restinga environment with highly variable soil nutrient, water availability, and light conditions. The environmental conditions are important features that modulate de plant morphology along the gradient. Keywords: coastal vegetation, leaf morphology, leaf anatomy, light and soil conditions.

Restinga (o cordón litoral) es una formación que se desarrolla en cordones arenosos de planícies litorales. Este ambiente presenta condiciones limitantes al crecimiento y desarrollo de las especies vegetales. Estudios en gradientes de restinga son buenos ejemplos de como las plantas se aclimatan a las condiciones ambientales restrictivas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo comparar tres especies leñosas co-ocurrentes en cuatro fisonomías de una restinga del sur de Brasil, buscando conocer los atributos morfo-anatómicos que favorecen la sobrevivencia de estas especies frente a la heterogeneidad espacial de las condiciones de suelo y luz. Los resultados indican que las variables ambientales fueron percibidas en diferentes escalas por las especies. Varronia curassavica y Dodonaea viscosa mostraron características más xeromórficas en las formaciones de restinga más estressantes, mientras que Symphyopappus casarettoi varió entre formas xerofíticas a mesofíticas a lo largo del gradiente. Atributos morfológicos presentaron respuesta plástica mas acentuada que los anatómicos, destácandose la altura de los individuos, las masas foliares frescas y secas, el área foliar, el área y la masa específica foliar, la densidad foliar y el contenido de agua. Tales características representan estrategias que permiten a las especies estudiadas sobrevivir en ambientes de restinga con elevada variación en la disponibilidad de nutrientes, agua del suelo y condiciones de luminosidad. Las condiciones ambientales son características importantes que modulan la morfología de la planta de lo largo del gradiente.

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