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THE ROLE OF BACTERIAL AND ARCHAEA IN DETERMINING THE METABOLIC PATHWAY OF BIOGAS FERMENTATION AT LOW TEMPERATURES
Papel de las bacterias y las arqueas en la determinación de la vía metabólica de la fermentación del biogás a baja temperatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v29n1.106266Keywords:
Environmental condition, Hydrolytic bacteria, Methane formation pathway, Microbial metabolic function (en)Bacterias hidrolíticas, Condiciones ambientales, Función metabólica microbiana, Vía de formación del metano (es)
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The challenge in achieving large-scale biogas production still lies in the biogas fermentation process at low temperatures. Our goal was to delve into the metabolic pathway behind the formation of biogas at these lower temperatures, focusing on the dominant bacterial and archaeal communities. Employing a batch system with activated sludge inoculum at 10°C, we fermented cow manure at 12°C for 150 days. Through genetic sequencing and taxonomic analysis using OTUs from the 16S rDNA gene, we investigated bacterial and archaeal species. Correlation analysis between their abundance was conducted using Pearson correlation and t-tests via IBM SPSS Statistics. Our findings revealed a biogas production of around 0.74 L/day, with CH4 levels surpassing 0.45 L/g VS. Peak efficiency occurred between day 60 and 110, reaching its apex on day 90. Clostridium cellulovorans dominated, ranging from 13.9% to 27%, followed by Terrisporobacter petrolarius, around 16.2% to 23%. Specifically, the formation of biogas (CH4) predominantly occurred through the H2 pathway, led by significant hydrogenotrophic Archaea OTUs like Methanocorpusculum sinense (ranging from 4.95% to 37.10%) and Methanobrevibacter millerae (with relative abundances between 2.00% and 11.20%)
El reto para lograr la producción de biogás a gran escala sigue residiendo en el proceso de fermentación de este a bajas temperaturas. Nuestro objetivo fue profundizar en la ruta metabólica que subyace a la formación de biogás a bajas temperaturas, centrándonos en las comunidades bacterianas y arqueas dominantes. Empleando un sistema discontinuo con inóculo de lodos activados a 10°C, fermentamos estiércol de vaca a 12°C durante 150 días. Mediante secuenciación genética y análisis taxonómico utilizando OTU del gen 16S rDNA, investigamos las especies bacterianas y arqueas. El análisis de correlación entre su abundancia se llevó a cabo mediante la correlación de Pearson y pruebas t a través de IBM SPSS Statistics. Nuestros resultados revelaron una producción de biogás de alrededor de 0,74 L/día, con niveles de CH4 superiores a 0,45 L/g VS. El pico de eficiencia se produjo entre los días 60 y 110, alcanzando su ápice el día 90. Predominó Clostridium cellulovorans, con un rango del 13,9% al 27%, seguido de Terrisporobacter petrolarius, con un rango del 16,2% al 23%. En concreto, la formación de biogás (CH4) se produjo predominantemente a través de la vía del H2, liderada por importantes OTU de arqueas hidrogenotróficas como Methanocorpusculum sinense (entre el 4,95% y el 37,10%) y Methanobrevibacter millerae (con abundancias relativas entre el 2,00% y el 11,20%).
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