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RESPUESTAS TEMPRANAS EN SIMPLASTO DE TALLO ASOCIADAS A LA RUTA DEL ÁCIDO SALICÍLICO EN LA INTERACCIÓN CLAVEL (Dianthus caryophyllus, caryophyllaceae)- FOD (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi)
Early responses at symplastic stem level associated with the salicylic acid pathway in the interaction carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus, caryophyllaceae)- FOD (Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Dianthi)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v27n2.85778Keywords:
Marchitamiento vascular, clavel, respuesta de defensa, actividad enzimática, hormonas (es)Vascular wilting, carnation, defense response, enzymatic activity, hormones (en)
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El marchitamiento vascular causado por Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod) es la enfermedad que más afecta el cultivo de clavel. Comprender la naturaleza de la interacción entre la planta y el patógeno permitirá el futuro desarrollo de nuevas alternativas de control de la enfermedad. Es por ello que se busca tener evidencia experimental que permita entender el papel de la ruta de señalización del ácido salicílico (SA) y enzimas asociadas con la resistencia de la planta como son fenilalanina amonio liasa (PAL), polifenoloxidasa (PFO), guayacol peroxidasa (GPX) y fosfolipasa D (PLD), a nivel del simplasto del tallo durante la interacción con él patógeno. Se estableció un ensayo in vivo utilizando dos variedades de clavel con diferentes niveles de resistencia a la enfermedad y se determinaron en simplasto de tallo los niveles de SA, MeSA (salicilato de metilo) y las enzimas objeto de estudio. Se presentó inducción de las enzimas estudiadas, evidenciando en el caso de la enzima GPX un aumento a nivel transcripcional. Así mismo, se presentó un incremento de MeSA en los 1 y 14 dpi, mientras que SA se acumuló en tiempos tardíos. La correlación de Pearson determinó que a este nivel existe una acumulación de la hormona MeSA al 1 dpi con los niveles de las enzimas GPX y PLD. Se propone que la respuesta en este órgano de clavel puede estar activada por la ruta de señalización que involucra SA, afectando el metabolismo secundario y la regulación de especies reactivas de oxígeno.
The vascular wilting caused by the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod) is the most important disease affecting carnation crops. Understanding the nature of the interaction between the plant and the pathogen will allow the development of new alternatives for disease control. That is why on this study, we want to know the role of the salicylic acid’s (SA) signaling pathway and of some enzymes associated to the plant’s resistance such as phenylalanine amino lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PFO), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and phospholipase D (PLD), at the stem’s symplastic level during the interaction with the pathogen. An in vivo assay was established using two carnation cultivars presenting contrasting levels of resistance to the disease, and the levels of SA, MeSA (Methyl salicylate) and the named enzymes were determined. Induction of the studied enzymes occurred, showing an increase at the transcriptional level in the case of the GPX enzyme. Likewise, an increase of MeSA was presented at 1 and 14 dpi, while SA was accumulated at later times. The Pearson correlation determined that on this level there is an accumulation of the MeSA hormone on 1 dpi with the levels of the enzymes GPX and PLD. We proposed that the response on the stem symplast can be activated by the signaling pathway that involves SA, affecting the secondary metabolism and the regulation of reactive species of oxygen.
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