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ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONALITY OF FOREST AND STREAM CORRIDORS IN AN AREA OF THE PLAINS PIEDMONT IN CASANARE
Funcionalidad ecológica de los corredores forestales y fluviales en una zona del piedemonte llanero del Casanare
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v28n3.99160Keywords:
caños, connectivity, diversity, ecological corridors, spatial heterogeneity (en)caños, conectividad, corredores ecológicos, diversidad, heterogeneidad espacial (es)
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Between 2010 and 2020 a study was conducted on the functionality of the ecological corridors within the San José de Matadepantano farm, a property of 811 ha located in plains piedmont, which alternates poorly drained savannas, swamps, and forests, with land uses for agriculture, livestock, and the infrastructure of a rural university campus. To evaluate the functionality of the forest corridors, length, amplitude, coverage area, and continuity metrics within the landscape were estimated using multiannual LANDSAT images; additionally, field visits were made to record possible forest gaps that could affect the flow of fauna through the corridors. In order to determine the functionality of the stream corridors, four sampling points were chosen along caños Tiestal and Güio, where physiographic and bathymetric profiles were modeled using the SURFER 15 software, in addition, spatial heterogeneity was calculated using the Shannon-Wiener index, physiognomy and floristic composition of the streamside vegetation was represented in scale graphic profiles, the percent distribution of aquatic habitats was determined and species diversity of fish communities was calculated. Findings obtained during the last decade allow us to conclude that the ecological corridors maintain their functionality with an active biotic flow in both forest and stream corridors. However, critical points were detected where the forests could lose their connectivity, which would affect the sustainability and transit of regional biodiversity.
Entre los años 2010 y 2020 se realizó un estudio de la funcionalidad de los corredores ecológicos en la finca San José de Matadepantano, un predio de 811 hectáreas localizado en el piedemonte llanero, que alterna sabanas mal drenadas, pantanos y bosques, con usos del suelo destinados a agricultura, ganadería y la infraestructura de un campus universitario rural. Para evaluar la funcionalidad de los corredores boscosos, se estimaron las métricas longitud, amplitud, área de cobertura y continuidad dentro del paisaje, por medio de imágenes multianuales LANDSAT, adicionalmente se hicieron visitas de campo para registrar brechas que afectaran el flujo de fauna a través de los corredores. Para determinar la funcionalidad de los corredores acuáticos, se escogieron cuatro puntos de muestreo a lo largo de los caños Tiestal y Güio, en los que se levantaron perfiles fisiográficos y batimétricos por medio del programa SURFER 15, se calculó la heterogeneidad espacial por medio del índice de Shannon-Wiener, se representó la fisonomía y la composición florística de la vegetación ribereña con perfiles gráficos a escala, se determinó la distribución porcentual de los hábitats acuáticos y se calculó la diversidad de especies de las comunidades ícticas. Los hallazgos obtenidos durante la última década permiten concluir que los corredores ecológicos conservan su funcionalidad, con un flujo biótico activo tanto en los forestales como en los acuáticos. No obstante, se detectaron puntos críticos en donde los bosques pueden llegar a perder su conectividad lo que afectaría el sostenimiento y tránsito de la biodiversidad regional.
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1. Andres Giovanny Hernandez Ortega, David Alejandro Garay Marín, Luz Stella Suárez-Suárez. (2024). Estructura y composición florística de un bosque de piedemonte en el municipio de Cubarral, Meta . Colombia forestal, 27(2), p.e21174. https://doi.org/10.14483/2256201X.21174.
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