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Abundance of Beauveria spp. and Metarhizium spp. in maize and banana agroecosystems in central Cuba
Abundancia de Beauveria spp. y Metarhizium spp. en agroecosistemas de maíz y banano en el centro de Cuba
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n1.100886Keywords:
entomopathogenic fungi, fungal diversity, insect bait method, selective medium (en)hongos entomopatógenos, diversidad fúngica, método del insecto cebo, medio selectivo (es)
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Entomopathogenic fungi are an ecological alternative for the control of agricultural pests. These fungi live in organic matter in the soil and can cause natural epizootics in many arthropods associated with the rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to evaluate the abundance of Beauveria and Metarhizium spp. in maize and banana agroecosystems in central Cuba. Selective medium and insect baiting methods were used to isolate the entomopathogenic fungi from the soil. Metarhizium spp. were significantly more abundant than Beauveria spp. in both types of fields of agroecosystems. The abundance of Metarhizium spp. was higher in Sagua la Grande than in Santa Clara and Camajuaní municipalities. The insect bait method resulted as the most successful way to isolate entomopathogenic fungi from soil. These results show the composition of the entomopathogenic fungi in different agroecosystems, and they are an advance in the understanding of their ecology.
Los hongos entomopatógenos son una alternativa ecológica para el control de plagas agrícolas. Estos hongos viven en la materia orgánica contenida en el suelo y pueden causar epizootias naturales a muchos artrópodos asociados a la rizosfera. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la abundancia de Beauveria y Metarhizium spp. dentro de los agroecosistemas de maíz y banano en el centro de Cuba. Se utilizaron los métodos de medio selectivo e insecto cebo para aislar los hongos entomopatógenos del suelo. Metarhizium spp. fue significativamente más abundante que Beauveria spp. en ambos agroecosistemas. La abundancia de Metarhizium spp. fue mayor en Sagua la Grande que en los municipios de Santa Clara y Camajuaní. Además, el método de insecto cebo constituye el más apropiado para aislar hongos entomopatógenos. Estos resultados muestran la composición de los hongos entomopatógenos en diferentes agroecosistemas y constituyen un avance en la comprensión de su ecología.
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