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Genetic improvement of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes selected for resistance to chocolate spot disease
Mejoramiento genético de genotipos de haba (Vicia faba L.) seleccionados con resistencia a la enfermedad de la mancha chocolate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v40n2.102128Keywords:
hybridization, ISSR, genetic resistance, plant breeding, RAPD, yield components (en)hibridación, ISSR, resistencia genética, fitomejoramiento, RAPD, componentes de rendimiento (es)
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Inter-varietal hybridization is a powerful tool for genetic improvement and production of new genotypes for a trait of interest. Four parents of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) were hybridized using agromorphological and molecular characterization to obtain genotypes resistant to the chocolate spot disease. The study was done at the Nubaria Research Station, Giza, Egypt. Eight traits including resistance to chocolate spot, days to flowering, plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant, 100-seed weight (g), and seed yield/plant were estimated during the three growth seasons of 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019. Genetic parameters revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers assessed the genetic variation of genotypes with their generations. Crosses 1 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P2 “Sakha-1”), 2 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P3 “T.W”), and 3 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P4 “Camolina”) revealed high resistance to disease with high yield. Markers patterned specific loci of resistant parents at a length of 360, 470, 450, 660, and 140 bp in RAPD and 1100, 810, 650, 700, 480 bp in ISSR. Inter-varietal hybridization between the resistant and susceptible genotypes is considered one of the most promising methods to obtain germplasm with resistance and high yield.
La hibridación intervarietal es una herramienta poderosa para el mejoramiento genético y la producción de nuevos genotipos prometedores para un rasgo de interés. Cuatro progenitores de haba (Vicia faba L.) fueron cruzados para obtener genotipos resistentes a la enfermedad de la mancha chocolate mediante caracterización agromorfológica y molecular. El estudio de campo se llevó a cabo en la Granja Experimental de la Estación de Investigación de Nubaria, Giza, Egipto. Se estimaron ocho características, incluidas el grado de resistencia a la mancha chocolate, los días a floración, la altura de planta (cm), el número de ramas/planta, el número de vainas/planta, el número de semillas/planta, el peso de 100 semillas (g) y el rendimiento de semillas/planta, durante las tres temporadas de crecimiento de 2016/2017, 2017/2018 y 2018/2019. Los parámetros genéticos se estimaron mediante marcadores RAPD e ISSR para evaluar la variación genética de los genotipos con sus generaciones. Los cruces 1 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P2 “Sakha-1”), 2 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P3 “TW”) y 3 (P1 “Nubaria-1” x P4 “Camolina”) revelaron alta resistencia a la enfermedad de la mancha chocolate con alto rendimiento. Los marcadores modelaron loci específicos de padres resistentes a una longitud de 360, 470, 450, 660 y 140 pb en RAPD y 1100, 810, 650, 700, 480 pb en ISSR. La hibridación intervarietal entre los genotipos resistentes y susceptibles es considerada uno de los métodos más promisorios para obtener germoplasma con resistencia y alto rendimiento.
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