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Inoculation with mycorrhiza and Azotobacter chroococcum affects the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Eryngium caeruleum at different planting densities
La inoculación con micorrizas y Azotobacter chroococcum afecta las características cuantitativas y cualitativas de Eryngium caeruleum a diferentes densidades de siembra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.106390Keywords:
oil crop, endemic herb, free-living N2 fixers, Glomus mosseae (en)cultivo oleaginoso, hierba endémica, fijadores de N2 de vida libre, Glomus mosseae, gastronomía local (es)
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Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant that grows under diverse climatic conditions of Iran. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal and Azotobacter inoculation on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of E. caeruleum at various planting densities. Factors included three levels of plant density (10×30 cm, 20×30 cm, and 30×30 cm), two levels of seed inoculation with Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi (inoculation with Glomus mosseae and without inoculation), and two levels of seed inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum (with and without inoculation). The application of VAM fungi and A. chrooroccum significantly affected the measured traits. The interaction effect of plant density×mycorrhizal application and plant density×Azotobacter application on dry leaf weight was significant at a 1% level. The total leaf dry weight for the VAM treatments at a 30×30 cm plant density was 2.93 g. Also, the application of mycorrhizal fungus increased the essential oil percentage, the essential oil yield, and phosphorus concentration in the aerial organs by 132.68%, 100%, and 137.5%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. The simultaneous application of A. chroococcum and VAM improved the quantity and quality of the yield components of E. caeruleum by increasing the availability of mineral nutrients
Eryngium caeruleum es una planta perenne nativa que crece en diversas condiciones climáticas de Irán. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar el efecto de la inoculación de micorrizas y Azotobacter sobre las características cuantitativas y cualitativas de E. caeruleum en diferentes densidades de siembra. Los factores incluyeron tres niveles de densidad de plantas (10×30 cm, 20×30 cm y 30×30 cm), dos niveles de inoculación de semillas con hongos Vesiculo-Arbuscular Micorriza (VAM) (inoculación con Glomus mosseae y sin inoculación) y dos niveles de inoculación de semillas con Azotobacter chroococcum (con y sin inoculación). La aplicación de hongos VAM y A. chrooroccum afectó significativamente las características medidas. El efecto de interacción densidad de plantas×aplicación de micorrizas y densidad de plantas×aplicación de Azotobacter sobre el peso seco de la hoja fue significativo a un nivel del 1%. El peso seco total de las hojas para los tratamientos VAM a una densidad de plantas de 30×30 cm fue de 2.93 g. Además, la aplicación del hongo micorrícico incrementó el porcentaje de aceite esencial, el rendimiento de aceite esencial y la concentración de fósforo en los órganos aéreos en 132.68%, 100% y 137.5%, respectivamente, en comparación con el tratamiento control. La aplicación simultánea de A. chroococcum y hongos VAM mejoró la cantidad y calidad de los componentes del rendimiento en E. caeruleum al aumentar la disponibilidad de nutrientes minerales.
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