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Evaluation of drought-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under drought and irrigated conditions in Bhairahawa, Nepal
Evaluación de genotipos de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) tolerantes a la sequía en condiciones de sequía y riego en Bhairahawa, Nepal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v42n1.112231Keywords:
drought stress, stress tolerance indices, yield, stability (en)estrés por sequía, índices de tolerancia al estrés, rendimiento, estabilidad (es)
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Rice production can be severely affected by drought stress and this could cause massive economic losses every year. Global climate change is steadily becoming an important issue. This research was conducted in order to identify drought-tolerant rice genotypes using stress tolerance indices. Employing a randomized complete block design, a total of nine rice genotypes were assessed under irrigated and drought-stress conditions from June to November 2022 at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Paklihawa, Nepal. In particular, the stress susceptibility index (SSI), mean productivity (MP), and geometric mean productivity (GMP) revealed strong and highly significant positive correlations to agricultural yields under both irrigated and drought stress conditions. The stress tolerance index (STI) and yield stability index (YSI) showed strong and highly significant positive correlations to yield under drought conditions, while the tolerance index (TOL) and yield index (YI) showed strong and negative significant associations to yield under stress conditions. The highest STI, GMP, and MP were observed in the IR16L1713 genotype followed by IR17L1387, establishing these two as the steadiest and most efficient genotypes among nine genotypes of rice. These genotypes have the potential to be selected for maximum outputs under both irrigated and drought-stress situations. A biplot analysis showed a positive association of MP, GMP, and YI to rice yields in an irrigated environment and a negative correlation of SSI, STI, and TOL, with a reduction percentage in a drought-stressed environment. Therefore, these stress indicators can be used to evaluate rice genotypes under both normal and drought stress settings.
La producción de arroz podría verse gravemente afectada por el estrés provocado por la sequía, lo que podría causar enormes pérdidas económicas cada año. El problema del cambio climático global se está convirtiendo cada vez más en una cuestión importante. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo con el fin de identificar los genotipos de arroz tolerantes a la sequía utilizando índices de tolerancia al estrés. Empleando un diseño de bloques completos aleatorizados, se evaluaron un total de nueve genotipos de arroz en condiciones de riego y estrés por sequía de junio a noviembre de 2022 en el Instituto de Agricultura y Ciencia Animal (IAAS), Paklihawa, Nepal. En particular, el índice de susceptibilidad al estrés (ISE), la productividad media (PM) y la productividad media geométrica (PMG) revelaron correlaciones positivas fuertes y altamente significativas con el rendimiento tanto en condiciones de riego como de estrés por sequía. Asimismo, el índice de tolerancia al estrés (ITS) y el índice de estabilidad del rendimiento (IER) mostraron correlaciones positivas fuertes y altamente significativas con el rendimiento en condiciones de sequía, mientras que el índice de tolerancia (TOL) y el índice de rendimiento (IR) mostraron asociaciones significativas fuertes y negativas con el rendimiento en condiciones de estrés. Los mayores ITS, PMG y PM se observaron en IR16L1713, seguido por IR17L1387, estableciéndolos como los genotipos más estables y eficientes entre nueve genotipos de arroz. Estos genotipos tienen el potencial de ser seleccionados para una producción abundante tanto en condiciones de riego como de estrés por sequía. Un análisis biplot mostró una asociación positiva de PM, PMG e IR con el rendimiento en un ambiente irrigado y una correlación negativa de ISS, ITS y TOL con reducciones en el porcentaje en un ambiente de estrés por sequía. Por lo tanto, estos indicadores de estrés se pueden utilizar para evaluar genotipos de arroz tanto en condiciones normales como de estrés por sequía.
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