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Allelopathic potential of Artemisia absinthium L. on seed germination and seedling growth of various plant species
Potencial alelopático de Artemisia absinthium L. sobre la germinación de semillas y el crecimiento de plántulas de varias especies de plantas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v42n2.115942Keywords:
allelopathy, weed management, secondary metabolites, plant-plant interactions, bioactive compounds (en)alelopatia, manejo de malezas, metabolitos secundarios, interacciones planta-planta, compuestos bioactivos (es)
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In plant-plant interactions, the emission of secondary metabolites can have significant effects, potentially serving as a tool for weed management. The study of plant-derived substances offers an environmental alternative to traditional production processes. The aim of the research was to evaluate the allelopathic potential of the aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium L. on the germination of seeds of five species: Calendula officinalis L., Taraxacum officinale L., Bidens pilosa L., Senecio vulgaris L., and Brassica juncea L. The experiment involved a factorial design with five species, five extract concentrations and five replicates, for a total of 125 experimental units (EU). The aqueous extract of A. absinthium was prepared from dried foliage at a concentration of 1/50 (w/v) and applied in varying proportions (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) according to the respective treatments. In each EU, 20 seeds of the corresponding species were placed and grown under controlled conditions for 21 d, during which germination was monitored. The results indicate that A. absinthium has significant potential as an inhibitor of seed germination and seedling growth in T. officinale and B. pilosa. In S. vulgaris and B. juncea, the response was highly dose-dependent. In C. officinalis, no inhibition was observed in the evaluated parameters. The results indicate that A. absinthium extract offers a sustainable alternative to weed management.
En las interacciones planta-planta, la emisión de metabolitos secundarios puede tener efectos significativos, los cuales son herramientas potenciales para el manejo de malezas, por lo que el estudio de estas sustancias de origen vegetal ofrece una alternativa medioambiental a los procesos de producción tradicionales. La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el potencial alelopático del extracto acuoso de Artemisia absinthium L. sobre la germinación de semillas de cinco especies: Calendula officinalis L., Taraxacum officinale L., Bidens pilosa L., Senecio vulgaris L. y Brassica juncea L. El experimento tuvo un diseño factorial con cinco especies, cinco concentraciones de extracto y cinco repeticiones, para un total de 125 unidades experimentales (UE). El extracto acuoso de A. absinthium se obtuvo a partir de follaje seco a una concentración de 1/50 (p/v), y se aplicó en proporciones variables (0, 25, 50, 75 y 100%) según los respectivos tratamientos. En cada UE se colocaron 20 semillas de la especie correspondiente, que se cultivaron en condiciones controladas durante 21 d durante los cuales se monitoreó la germinación. Los resultados indican que A. absinthium tiene un potencial significativo como inhibidor de la germinación de semillas y el crecimiento de plántulas en T. officinale y B. pilosa. Para el caso de S. vulgaris y B. juncea, la respuesta fue altamente dependiente de la dosis y en C. officinalis no se observó inhibición en los parámetros evaluados. Los resultados señalan al extracto de A. absinthium como una alternativa sostenible en el manejo de malezas.
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