Evaluation of defense gene expression and the virulence factor Cac1 in the interaction between Phaseolus vulgaris and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Evaluación de la expresión de genes de defensa y del factor de virulencia Cac1 en la interacción Phaseolus vulgaris y Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v42n3.116629Keywords:
Sutagao bean cultivar, anthracnose, Cac1 gene, plant defense, Orbiculare clade (en)cultivar de frijol Sutagao, antracnosis, gen Cac1, defensa de plantas, clado Orbiculare (es)
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Anthracnose is one of the most limiting diseases in bean cultivation, leading to decreased yield. Mechanisms associated with the induction of the bean defense response during the interaction with Colletotrichum lindemuthianum have been studied, but little is known about the expression of certain virulence factors of this fungus during the infection process. The aim of this study was to evaluate specific molecular determinants triggered during the interaction between C. lindemuthianum and bean plants. For this purpose, qPCR was used to evaluate changes in the expression of the virulence factor Cac1 in two isolates of C. lindemuthianum (Cl(a) and Cl(b)) with contrasting virulence profiles, and to correlate them with the expression of plant defense genes PR1, PR3, PR4, and POD during the early stages post-infection. Molecular ITS analysis showed that both isolates belonged to the Orbiculare clade; however, they clustered differently, a characteristic associated with their distinct virulence profiles. When they were inoculated in bean plants, the Cl(a) isolate was more virulent than the Cl(b) isolate, generating the highest severity value. The Cl(b) isolate induced higher expression of the evaluated plant defense genes than the Cl(a) isolate. However, the virulence factor Cac1 of C. lindemuthianum showed significantly higher expression in Cl(a) than in Cl(b). These results suggest that the Sutagao bean cultivar exhibits a lower expression of defense genes exposed to an isolate of C. lindemuthianum expressing the virulence factor Cac1 in the initial stages of infection.
La antracnosis es una de las enfermedades más limitantes del cultivo de frijol, ocasionando disminución del rendimiento. Se han estudiado mecanismos asociados con la inducción de la respuesta de defensa del frijol durante la interacción con Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, pero poco se conoce sobre la expresión de algunos factores de virulencia de este hongo durante el proceso de infección. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar determinantes moleculares desencadenados durante la interacción entre C. lindemuthianum y frijol. Para ello, mediante qPCR se evaluaron cambios en la expresión del factor de virulencia Cac1 en dos aislados de C. lindemuthianum (Cl(a) y Cl(b)) con perfiles de virulencia contrastantes, y se correlacionaron con la expresión de los genes de la planta PR1, PR3, PR4 y POD, durante estadios tempranos de la infección. Los análisis ITS mostraron que ambos aislados pertenecían al clado Orbiculare, aunque se agruparon de manera diferente, característica asociada con sus diferentes perfiles de virulencia. Al inocularse en plantas de frijol, el aislamiento Cl(a) resultó ser más virulento que el Cl(b), generando la mayor severidad; pero Cl(b) indujo una mayor expresión de los genes de defensa de la planta en comparación con Cl(a). Sin embargo, el factor de virulencia Cac1 de C. lindemuthianum mostró una expresión significativamente mayor en Cl(a) que en Cl(b). Estos resultados sugieren que el cultivo de frijol Sutagao presenta una menor expresión de los genes de defensa cuando se enfrenta a un aislado de C. lindemuthianum que expresa el factor de virulencia Cac1 en las etapas iniciales de la infección.
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