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Morphological characterization of tropical maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines
Caracterización morfológica de líneas endocriadas de maíz (Zea mays L.) de origen tropical
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v43n1.117140Keywords:
plant physiology, plant growth, plant morphology (en)fisiología vegetal, crecimiento vegetal, morfología vegetal (es)
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Morphological traits expressed by plants result from genotype, the environment where they grow, and the interaction between genotype and environment. These traits are expressed according to the plant’s physiological responses to various environmental stimuli. A comparative evaluation was conducted on the main morphological traits of 20 inbred lines from Semillas Valle S.A. hybrid maize breeding program in Colombia. Correlations were found between some traits using a principal component analysis (PCA), where the two main components were plotted in a two-dimensional scatter diagram, and the results were corroborated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Significant relationships were observed between male flowering time (DTT) and female flowering time (DTS), between plant height (PH) and ear height (EH), and between plant height (PH) and the internode number (IN). No relationships were found between ear height (EH) and number of rows (NR), or between ear weight (EW) and leaf length (LL) or seed index (SI).
Los rasgos morfológicos expresados por las plantas son la respuesta a su genotipo, el ambiente donde se desarrollan y la interacción del genotipo y el ambiente. Dichos rasgos se expresan de acuerdo con las respuestas fisiológicas de las plantas a los distintos estímulos ambientales. Se realizó una evaluación comparativa de los principales rasgos morfológicos de 20 líneas endocriadas pertenecientes al programa de mejoramiento de maíz híbrido de Semillas Valle S.A. en Colombia. Se encontraron correlaciones entre algunos de los rasgos evaluados a partir de un análisis de componentes principales (ACP), cuyos dos principales componentes fueron graficados en un diagrama de dispersión de dos dimensiones, y sus resultados corroborados a partir de un coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Se observaron relaciones significativas entre tiempos de floración masculina (DFM) y femenina (DFF), entre altura de la planta (AP) y altura de la mazorca (AM), y entre la altura de la planta (AP) y el número de entrenudos (NE). No se encontraron relaciones entre la altura de la mazorca (AM) y el número de hileras (NHM) ni entre el peso de mazorca (PM) y la longitud de hojas (LH) o el índice de semilla (IS).
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