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Effect of water deficit on photosynthesis and yield in pea plants (Pisum sativum L.): A systematic review
Efecto del déficit hídrico en la fotosíntesis y el rendimiento de arveja (Pisum sativum L.): una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v43n2.118788Keywords:
drought, water stress, legumes, water potential, water use efficiency (en)sequía, estrés hídrico, leguminosas, potencial hídrico, uso eficiente del agua (es)
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Water deficit caused by drought is common and extreme because of climate change. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) crops undergo water deficits depending on the sowing season and location. Some mechanisms of these plants in response to drought include stomatal closure and a reduction in photosynthetic capacity. However, as a consequence, such mechanisms disrupt reproductive processes such as flowering and pod filling, which diminishes the yield of plants. Although these mechanisms have been studied, there is no systematic review of the effect of water deficit on photosynthesis and yield in P. sativum. This review aimed to combine, summarize, and interpret the current knowledge on the impact of water deficiency on photosynthesis and yield in P. sativum. We carried out a systematic review using the databases Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. Water deficit diminishes CO2 assimilation by as much as 25%. This reduction is apparently due to stomatal closure (reduced by 28%) and, to a lesser degree, to variables such as the real efficiency of photosystem II (reduced by 15%). Water deficit reduces pea yield by 30% compared to control treatments (watered plants). The yield components most affected are the number of pods per plant, grains per plant, and pods per square meter. Few studies have assessed the relationship among yield, photosynthesis, and water status in P. sativum under water deficit conditions. Furthermore, significant knowledge gaps remain with respect to the combined effects of water deficit and interacting environmental factors (such as light intensity, temperature, and vapour pressure deficit) on the responses of field pea photosynthesis and yield. Additionally, there is a need to standardise methodologies for assessing water deficit status in both plant tissue and soil.
El déficit hídrico causado por sequías es común y extremo debido al cambio climático. Los cultivos de arveja (Pisum sativum L.) sufren déficit hídrico, dependiendo de la época de siembra y la ubicación. Algunos mecanismos de estas plantas en respuesta a la sequía son el cierre de estomas y la reducción de la capacidad fotosintética. Sin embargo, como consecuencia, se alteran procesos reproductivos como la floración y el llenado de vainas, lo que disminuye el rendimiento de las plantas. Aunque estos mecanismos han sido estudiados, no existe una revisión sistemática del efecto del déficit hídrico en la fotosíntesis y el rendimiento en P. sativum. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo combinar, resumir e interpretar el conocimiento actual sobre los efectos del déficit hídrico en la fotosíntesis y el rendimiento en P. sativum. Se realizó una revisión sistemática utilizando las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y ScienceDirect. El déficit hídrico disminuye la asimilación de CO2 en 25%. Esta reducción se debe aparentemente al cierre estomático (reducido en un 28%) y, en menor medida, a variables como la eficiencia real del fotosistema II (reducida en un 15%). El déficit hídrico reduce el rendimiento de arveja en un 30% en comparación con los tratamientos de control (plantas regadas). Los componentes del rendimiento más afectados son número de vainas por planta, granos por planta y vainas por metro cuadrado. Pocos estudios han evaluado la relación entre el rendimiento, la fotosíntesis y el estado hídrico en P. sativum en condiciones de déficit hídrico. Adicionalmente, prevalecen varios vacíos del conocimiento acerca de los efectos combinados del déficit hídrico con otros factores ambientales (como intensidad lumínica, temperatura y déficit de presión de vapor) en la respuesta del rendimiento y la fotosíntesis de la arveja. También existe la necesidad de estandarizar metodologías para evaluar el déficit hídrico tanto en plantas como en el suelo.
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1. Georgi D. Rashkov, Martin A. Stefanov, Preslava B. Borisova, Anelia G. Dobrikova, Emilia L. Apostolova. (2025). The Role of the Organization of Light-Harvesting Complex II in the Drought Sensitivity of Pisum sativum L.. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(22), p.11078. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211078.
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