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Effect of hydroethanolic extracts of Eucalyptus globulus and Allium fistulosum on strains of Botrytis cinerea in inoculated strawberries
Efecto de los extractos hidroetanólicos de Eucalyptus globulus and Allium fistulosum sobre cepas de Botrytis cinerea en fresas inoculadas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v43n2.119493Keywords:
postharvest, vegetable extracts, inhibitory potential, maceration (en)poscosecha, extractos vegetales, potencial inhibidor, maceración (es)
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The strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) faces sustainable production challenges due to its high susceptibility to pathogens like Botrytis cinerea. This research aimed to evaluate the inhibitory potential of eucalypt (Eucalyptus globulus) and Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) extracts under in vitro and in vivo conditions in controlling B. cinerea. The in vitro mycelial inhibition of the extracts was evaluated by the diameter and the mycelial growth rate of the fungus for 5 d, with the application of low (5.6 μl ml-1), medium (11.1 μl ml-1), and high (16.7 μl ml-1) concentrations of extracts. The antifungal activity of the extracts on the fruits was determined by quantifying the incidence and rate of decay in inoculated strawberries after 5 d of storage. The in vitro evaluation showed that the high concentration of the A. fistulosum extract was more efficient in controlling the mycelial growth of B. cinerea, showing averages of 31.66% inhibition, 68.33% mycelial growth rate, and 11.92 mm d-1 mycelial growth velocity, different (P≤0.05) in comparison to the other concentrations. The in vivo tests showed that the E. globulus extract had the lowest incidence on the fruits, with 81.11%, reduced fruit decomposition by 19% compared to the positive control, and evidenced the highest number of fruits without visible changes during the five evaluation days. The analysis of the extracts demonstrated a significant effect on the control of B. cinerea, as well as on the shelf life of the fruits.
La fresa (Fragaria x ananassa) enfrenta desafíos de producción sostenible, debido a su alta susceptibilidad a patógenos como Botrytis cinerea. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el potencial inhibitorio de los extractos de eucalipto (Eucalyptus globulus) y de cebolla de rama (Allium fistulosum) en condiciones in vitro e in vivo para el control de B. cinerea. La inhibición micelial in vitro de los extractos se evaluó mediante el diámetro y la velocidad de crecimiento micelial del hongo durante 5 d y con aplicación de concentraciones: baja (5,6 μl ml-1), media (11,1 μl ml-1) y alta (16,7 μl ml-1) de extractos. La actividad antifúngica de los extractos en frutos se determinó cuantificando la incidencia y el índice de decaimiento en fresas inoculadas después de 5 d de almacenamiento. La evaluación in vitro evidenció que la concentración alta del extracto de A. fistulosum fue más eficiente en el control del crecimiento micelial de B. cinerea, con promedios de 31,66% de inhibición, de 68,33% de tasa de crecimiento del micelio y 11,92 mm d-1 de velocidad de crecimiento del micelio, y fueron diferentes (P≤0.05) con respecto a las demás concentraciones. Las pruebas in vivo demostraron que el extracto de E. globulus registró la menor incidencia en frutos con 81,11%, redujo la descomposición de los frutos en un 19% con respecto al control positivo, y evidenció el mayor número de frutos sin cambios visibles durante los cinco días de evaluación. Los extractos analizados demostraron tener un efecto significativo en el control de B. cinerea, así como en la vida útil de las frutas.
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