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Influence of propagules and inoculation method on the development of potato early dying caused by Verticillium spp.
Influencia de los propágulos y el método de inoculación en el desarrollo de la marchitez temprana de la papa causada por Verticillium spp.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v43n2.119693Keywords:
conidia, microsclerotia, potato diseases, soil-borne pathogens, vascular wilt (en)conidios, microesclerocios, nfermedades de papa, patógenos del suelo, marchitamiento vascular (es)
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Potato early dying is a significant disease in potato-producing countries. However, the development of the disease under different pathogenic conditions and at different times of inoculation is unclear. In this study, the infection of potato plants var. Diacol Capiro by two types of Verticillium spp. propagules, conidia, and microsclerotia (MS), was assessed. Conidia were evaluated based on inoculation of the soil at the sowing time of the tuber, or in soil drench and root immersion 49 days after sowing (das). Microsclerotia were evaluated for their incorporation into soil at different densities at the time of sowing. The tests were carried out under a complete factorial design in a completely randomized arrangement with five repetitions per treatment; the unit experiment was a plant. Non-inoculated plants grown in sterile soil were used as controls in both cases. Variables measured included disease severity, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), incubation period, phenological development of the plants, and yield components. Disease incubation periods ranging from 65 to 70 d were recorded when Verticillium spp. was inoculated at the time of sowing. With inoculation at 49 das, the incubation period was reduced to 23 days after inoculation (dai), with lower disease severity than at the time of sowing. The results showed that all inoculation methods, times, and strains of Verticillium spp. caused the typical symptoms of the disease and led to the development of early death. Infection of potato plants was possible with the inoculation of conidia or MS of the pathogen; however, in the latter case, it depended on the inoculum density. With different inoculation methods, the tuber weight increased, but the number of tubers per plant decreased.
La marchitez temprana es una enfermedad importante en los países productores de papa. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de la enfermedad bajo diferentes propágulos del patógeno y momentos de la inoculación no es claro. En este estudio, se evaluó la infección de plantas de papa variedad Diacol Capiro con dos tipos de propágulos de Verticillium spp., conidias y microesclerocios (MS). Las conidias se evaluaron en inoculación al suelo al momento de la siembra de los tubérculos, o en drench e inmersión de raíces a los 49 días después de la siembra (dds). La infección por MS se evaluó mediante incorporación al suelo en diferentes densidades al momento de la siembra. Los experimentos se realizaron bajo un diseño factorial completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones por tratamiento; la unidad experimental fue una planta. En ambos casos como controles se utilizaron plantas no inoculadas sembradas en suelo estéril. Como variables se evaluaron la severidad de la enfermedad, el área bajo la curva de progreso de la enfermedad (AUDPC), el período de incubación, el desarrollo fenológico de las plantas y componentes de rendimiento. Los períodos de incubación de la enfermedad variaron entre 65 y 70 d cuando Verticillium spp. se inoculó al momento de la siembra. Con la inoculación a los 49 dds, el periodo de incubación se redujo a 23 días después de la inoculación (ddi) con menor severidad con respecto a la inoculación al momento de la siembra. Los resultados mostraron que todos los métodos, momentos de inoculación y aislamientos de Verticillium spp. causaron síntomas típicos y llevaron al desarrollo de la marchitez temprana. La infección de las plantas de papa fue posible con la inoculación de conidias o MS, siendo estos últimos dependientes de la densidad de inóculo. Con la inoculación por los diferentes métodos, la enfermedad redujo el peso de los tubérculos, pero no afectó el número de tubérculos por planta.
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