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Fruit productivity of “Pera” sweet orange grafted on different rootstocks in the mesoregion of Northeast Pará (Brazil)
Productividad de frutos en naranja dulce “Pera” injertada sobre diferentes portainjertos en la mesorregión del Nordeste de Pará (Brasil)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v43n2.121332Keywords:
Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, graphical analysis, stability, adaptability, genetic improvement, perennial plants, Amazon region (en)Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, análisis gráfico, estabilidad, adaptabilidad, mejoramiento genético, plantas perennes, región Amazónica (es)
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Citrus is among the most important cultivated species in the world. However, the Northern region of Brazil, despite its available cultivation, still presents incipient production and faces numerous environmental factors that require further study to mitigate the impact of genotype-by-environment interactions. To address this issue, an experiment was set up in the municipality of Capitão Poço, Pará, using a completely randomized block design to evaluate six graft/rootstock combinations with AMMI and GGE Biplot analyses. The variables assessed were total fruit weight (FW), and the sum of the total fruit produced by the plant, measured in kg, in the 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021a (first half of the year) and 2021b (second half of the year) harvests. Superior rootstocks were ‘Santa Cruz’ Rangpur lime (C. x limonia Osbeck) (T1) and ‘San Diego’ citrandarin (TSK x TRENG-314) (T10). Although T1 and T10 had low stability in certain years, for ideotype aspect T1 was superior in relation to the other rootstocks and, despite the search for more promising materials, which here were the least stable, it must be accepted that there are risks, as there is no way to predict production in later years. Future research should identify which environmental factors favor fruit productivity and which generate instability in the Capitão Poço region.
Los cítricos están entre las especies cultivadas más importantes del mundo, pero la región norte de Brasil, a pesar de su área disponible para el cultivo, aún tiene una producción incipiente y, por presentar infinitas combinaciones de efectos ambientales, se requieren estudios que puedan evaluar el efecto de la interacción genotipo x ambiente. Para abordar esta problemática, se estableció un experimento en el municipio de Capitão Poço del Estado de Pará siguiendo un diseño en bloques completamente al azar con el fin de evaluar seis combinaciones de injerto/portainjerto mediante un análisis gráfico AMMI y GGE Biplot. Las variables evaluadas fueron peso total de los frutos (FW), y suma del total de frutos producidos por la planta, medido en kg, en las cosechas de 2018, 2019, 2020 y 2021a (primera mitad del año) y 2021b (segunda mitad del año). Los portainjertos más destacados fueron los de limón Rangpur “Santa Cruz” (C. x limonia Osbeck) (T1) y citrandarin “San Diego” (TSK x TRENG-314) (T10). Aunque T1 y T10 tuvieron baja estabilidad para ciertos años, para el aspecto ideotipo T1 fue superior con relación a los demás portainjertos y a pesar de la búsqueda de materiales más prometedores, que en este caso fueron los menos estables, es necesario aceptar que existen riesgos, ya que no es posible predecir la producción en años posteriores. Investigaciones futuras deberían identificar cuáles factores ambientales favorecen la productividad frutícola y cuáles generan inestabilidad en la región de Capitão Poço.
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