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Effects of enriched lactoferments on the physiological efficiency of Solanum phureja in acid Andean soils
Efectos de los lactofermentos enriquecidos sobre la eficiencia fisiológica de Solanum phureja en suelos ácidos andinos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v44n1.123990Keywords:
microbial bioinputs, nutrient bioavailability, regenerative fertilization, crop physiological efficiency, rhizosphere microbiota (en)bioinsumos microbianos, biodisponibilidad de nutrientes, fertilización regenerativa, eficiencia fisiológica de los cultivos, microbiota de la rizosfera (es)
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The cultivation of potato (Solanum phureja) in high-Andeanbacid soils faces productivity challenges due to low availability of mineral nutrients. To address this, the present study introduced a novel fertilization strategy using mineral-enriched lactoferments. This research evaluated the agronomic impact of applying lactoferment at 10% and 15%, combined with 25%, 50%, and 75% mineral fertilizer enrichment, on crop growth, phenology, and yield using a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 4 replicates, totaling 36 experimental units. The enriched treatments significantly enhanced plant emergence (P<0.05), with emergence rates ranging from 94% to 97%. These treatments improved vegetative growth, as shown by a 10-15% increase in stem diameter compared to conventional management of chemical fertilizers. The most effective treatment (15% lactoferment + 75% mineral enrichment) achieved the highest yield of 26.69 kg per plot (equivalent to 88.97 t ha⁻¹), outperforming the chemical fertilizer control by 35%. Statistical analyses clustered the enriched treatments into regions of high vigor and production, revealing a positive correlation between tuber weight and organic matter content in soil. The mineral-enriched lactoferments represent a novel, eco friendly, and high-yielding alternative for enhancing S. phureja productivity and mitigating the limitations of conventional management in acid Andean soils.
El cultivo de papa (Solanum phureja) en suelos ácidos altoandinos enfrenta desafíos de productividad debido a la baja disponibilidad de nutrientes minerales. Para abordar esto, el presente estudio introduce una estrategia novedosa de
fertilización basada en el uso de lactofermentos enriquecidos con elementos minerales. La investigación evaluó el impacto agronómico de la aplicación de lactofermentos en concentraciones del 10% y 15%, combinados con enriquecimiento mineral del 25%, 50% y 75%, sobre el crecimiento, fenología y rendimiento del cultivo utilizando un diseño de bloques completos al azar con nueve tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, totalizando 36 unidades experimentales. Los tratamientos enriquecidos mejoraron la emergencia de plantas significativamente (P<0,05), alcanzando un porcentaje de emergencia entre 94% y 97%. El crecimiento vegetativo mejoró, evidenciado por un aumento del 10% al 15% en el diámetro del tallo en comparación con el manejo convencional de fertilizantes químicos. El tratamiento más destacado (15% de lactofermento + 75% de enriquecimiento mineral) generó el mayor rendimiento, con 26,69 kg por parcela (equivalente a 88,97 t ha⁻¹), superando al control químico en un 35%. Los análisis estadísticos agruparon a los tratamientos enriquecidos en regiones de alto vigor y producción, revelando una correlación positiva entre el peso de los tubérculos y el contenido de la materia orgánica del suelo. Los lactofermentos enriquecidos con elementos minerales representan una alternativa novedosa, ecológica y de alto rendimiento, y para potenciar la productividad de S. phureja, mitigando las limitaciones del manejo convencional en suelos ácidos andinos.
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