Imbibition and percentage of germination of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) seeds under NaCl stress
Imbibición y porcentaje de germinación en semillas de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) bajo estrés por NaCl
Keywords:
electrical conductivity, salt tolerance, water uptake, root malformation (en)conductividad eléctrica, tolerancia a la sal, absorción de agua, malformación radical (es)
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En Colombia la uchuva está siendo cultivada, entre otros, sobre suelos afectados por sales. Con el fin de conocer el efecto del incremento de la concentración de NaCl sobre el grado de imbibición y el porcentaje de germinación de las semillas del ecotipo 'Colombia', estas se sometieron durante 299 horas a soluciones de NaCl 0, 30, 60, 90 y 120 mM (correspondientes a conductividades eléctricas de 0,8; 3,0; 6,0; 9,0 y 12,2 dS m-1, respectivamente), en condiciones controladas de laboratorio (25/20°C de temperatura diurna/nocturna, humedad relativa del 80% y un fotoperiodo de 12 h). Al tratar las semillas con una solución de NaCl 120 mM se observó una reducción significativa del grado de imbibición, evaluado a través del peso fresco acumulado de la semilla, que fue el 35% del acumulado por el control. Al terminar el experimento, mientras que las semillas no expuestas a la sal y las que fueron tratadas con NaCl 30 mM registraron porcentajes de germinación de 97,6 y 96,4%, respectivamente, aquellas tratadas con la solución 120 mM solamente germinaron en un 62,5%. A las concentraciones más altas de NaCl se observaron malformaciones de la raíz, tales como falta de elongación. Debido a que al final del experimento no se detectaron diferencias significativas en el grado de imbibición ni en el porcentaje de germinación a las concentraciones 0, 30 y 60 mM, la uchuva puede ser clasificada como una especie moderadamente tolerante al sodio con respecto al proceso de germinación.
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