Published

2010-01-01

Imbibition and percentage of germination of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) seeds under NaCl stress

Imbibición y porcentaje de germinación en semillas de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) bajo estrés por NaCl

Keywords:

electrical conductivity, salt tolerance, water uptake, root malformation (en)
conductividad eléctrica, tolerancia a la sal, absorción de agua, malformación radical (es)

Authors

  • Diego Miranda Universidad Nacional de Colombia
  • Christian Ulrichs Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin
  • Gerhard Fischer Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-0507
In Colombia cape gooseberry is often grown on salt affected soils. The present study evaluated the effect of increasing NaCl concentrations on imbibition and percentage of germination of 'Colombia' ecotype cape gooseberry seeds. Under controlled laboratory conditions (25/20°C day/night temperature, 80% relative humidity, and a 12 hour photoperiod), the seeds were subjected to 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM NaCl concentrations (corresponding to respective electrical conductivity levels of 0.8, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, and 12.2 dS m-1), during an evaluation period of 299 hours. A significantly lower imbibition level, expressed as 35% of the fresh weight accumulated by the control seeds, was observed in the 120 mM NaCl treatment. At the end of the experiment, respective germination percentages of 97.6% and 96.4% were recorded in the salt-free seeds and in those exposed to 30 mM NaCl. In contrast, only 62.5% of those seeds treated with 120 mM NaCl germinated. Root malformations such as lack of elongation were observed in the highest NaCl concentration treatment. Regarding its germination process, cape gooseberry can be classified as moderately tolerant to sodium. In effect, after 299 h of treatment, there was no statistical difference in imbibition level or percentage of germination between the 0, 30 and 60 mM NaCl treatments.

En Colombia la uchuva está siendo cultivada, entre otros, sobre suelos afectados por sales. Con el fin de conocer el efecto del incremento de la concentración de NaCl sobre el grado de imbibición y el porcentaje de germinación de las semillas del ecotipo 'Colombia', estas se sometieron durante 299 horas a soluciones de NaCl 0, 30, 60, 90 y 120 mM (correspondientes a conductividades eléctricas de 0,8; 3,0; 6,0; 9,0 y 12,2 dS m-1, respectivamente), en condiciones controladas de laboratorio (25/20°C de temperatura diurna/nocturna, humedad relativa del 80% y un fotoperiodo de 12 h). Al tratar las semillas con una solución de NaCl 120 mM se observó una reducción significativa del grado de imbibición, evaluado a través del peso fresco acumulado de la semilla, que fue el 35% del acumulado por el control. Al terminar el experimento, mientras que las semillas no expuestas a la sal y las que fueron tratadas con NaCl 30 mM registraron porcentajes de germinación de 97,6 y 96,4%, respectivamente, aquellas tratadas con la solución 120 mM solamente germinaron en un 62,5%. A las concentraciones más altas de NaCl se observaron malformaciones de la raíz, tales como falta de elongación. Debido a que al final del experimento no se detectaron diferencias significativas en el grado de imbibición ni en el porcentaje de germinación a las concentraciones 0, 30 y 60 mM, la uchuva puede ser clasificada como una especie moderadamente tolerante al sodio con respecto al proceso de germinación.

References

Adam, P. 1990. Saltmarsh ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Alian, A., A. Altman, and B. Heuer. 2000. Genotypic difference in salinity and water stress tolerance of fresh market tomato cultivars. Plant Sci. 152, 59-65.

Almansouri, M., M. Kinet, and S. Lutts. 2001. Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Plant Soil 231, 243-254.

Ayers, R. and W. Westcot. 1985. Water quality for agriculture. Irrigation and drainage paper No. 29. FAO, Rome.

Bayuelo-Jimenez, J.S., D.G. Debouck, and J.P. Lynch. 2003. Growth, gas exchange, water relations, and ion composition of Phaseolus species grown under saline conditions. Field Crops Res. 80, 207-222.

Bewley, J.D. and M. Black. 1994. Seeds. Physiology of development and germination. 2nd ed. Plenum Press, New York, NY.

Chartzoulakis, K. and G. Klapaki. 2000. Response of two greenhouse pepper hybrids to NaCl salinity during different growth stages. Scientia Hort. 86, 247-260.

Cony, M.A. and S.O. Trione. 1998. Inter- and intra-specific variability in Prosopis flexuosa and P. chilensis: seed germination under salt and moisture stress. J. Arid Environ. 40, 307-317.

Copeland, L.O. and M.B. McDonald. 2001. Seed science and technology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.

Costa-Franca, M., G.A.T. Pham Thi, C. Pimentel, R.O. Pereyra Rossiello, Y. Zuily-Fodil, and D. Laffray. 2000. Differences in growth and water relations among Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars in response to induced drought stress. Environ. Exp. Bot. 43, 227-237.

Cuartero, J. and R. Fernandez-Munoz. 1999. Tomato and salinity. Scientia Hort. 78, 83-125.

Daubenmire, R.F. 2001. Ecologia vegetal. Limusa Noriega Editores, Mexico DF.

Delanoy, M., P. Van Damme, X. Scheldeman, and J. Beltran. 2006. Germination of Passiflora mollissima (Kunth.) L.H. Bailey, Passiflora tricuspis Mast. and Passiflora nov sp. seeds. Scientia Hort. 110, 198-203.

Demir, I. and K. Mavi. 2008. Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on the germination of pepper seeds of different maturation stages. Brazil. Arch. Biol. Technol. 51(5), 897-902.

El-Siddig, K., J. Gebauer, G. Ebert, A.M. Ali, and S. Inanaga. 2004. Influence of salinity on emergence and early seedling growth of Tamarindus indica L. Eur. J. Hort . Sci. 69(2), 89-81.

Essa, T.A. 2002. Effect of salinity stress on growth and nutrient composition of three soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) cultivars. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 188(2), 86-92.

Florez, S.L., D. Miranda L., B. Chaves, G. Fischer, and S. Magnitskiy. 2008. Growth of lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) plants affected by salinity and substrate. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 30(2), 402-408.

Foolad, M.R. and G.Y. Lin. 1997. Genetic potential for salt tolerance during germination in Lycopersicon species. HortScience 32, 296-300.

Gill, P.K., A.D. Sharma, P. Singh, and S.S. Bhullar. 2003. Changes in germination growth and soluble sugar contents of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench seeds under various abiotic stresses. J. Plant Growth Regul. 40, 157-162.

Larcher, W. 2003. Physiological plant ecology. 4th ed. Springer- Verlag, Berlin.

Maas, E.V. and S.R. Grattan. 1999. Crop yields affected by salinity. Agricultural Drainage, Agronomy Mongraph No. 38. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI. pp. 55-108.

Machado N., N.B., S.M. Saturnino, D.C. Bomfim, and C.C. Custodio. 2004. Water stress induced by mannitol and sodium chloride in soybean cultivars. Brazil. Arch. Biol. Technol. 47(4), 521-529.

Marschner, H. 2002. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

Mayer, A.M. and A. Poljakoo-Maiber. 1989. The germination of seeds. 4th ed. Pergamon, Oxford, UK.

Mehra, V., J. Tripathi, and A.A. Powell. 2003. Aerated hydration treatment improves the response of Brassica juncea and Brassica campestris seeds to stress during germination. Seed Sci. Technol. 31, 57-70.

Mengel, K., E.A. Kirkby, H. Kosegarten, and T. Appel. 2001. Principles of plant nutrition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

Murillo-Amador, R.B., C. Lopez-Aguilar, J. Kaya, J. Larrinaga-Mayoral, and A. Flores-Hernandez. 2002. Comparative effects of NaCl and polyethylene glycol on germination, emergence and seedling growth of cowpea. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 188, 235-247.

Murillo-Amador, B. and E. Troyo-Dieguez. 2000. Effects of salinity on the germination and seedling characteristics of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Aust. J. Exp. Agric. 40, 433-438.

Norlyn, J.D. and E. Epstein. 1984. Variability in salt tolerance of four triticale lines at germination and emergence. Crop Sci. 24, 1090-1092.

Patane, C., V. Cavallaro y S.L. Cosentino. 2009. Germination and radicle growth in unprimed and primed seeds of sweet sorghum as affected by reduced water potential in NaCl at different temperatures. Ind. Crops Prod. 30, 1-8.

Passam, H.C. and D. Kakouriotis. 1994. The effects of osmoconditioning on the germination emergence and early plant growth of cucumber under saline conditions. Scientia Hort. 57, 233-240.

Prado, F.E., C. Botero, M. Gallardo y J.A. Gonzalez. 2000. Effect of NaCl on germination, growth and soluble sugar content in Chenopodium quinoa wild seeds. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 41, 27-34.

Shokohifard, G., K.H. Sakagam, and S. Matsumoto. 1989. Effect of amending materials on growth of radish plant in salinized soil. J. Plant Nutr. 12, 1195-1294.

Smith, P.T. and B.G. Comb. 1991. Physiological and enzymatic activity of pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum) during priming. Physiol. Plant. 82, 71-78.

Soares, F.A.L., H.R. Gehyi, S.B.A. Viana, C.A. Uyeda, and P.D. Fernandes. 2002. Water salinity and initial development of yellow passion fruit. Scientia Agric. 59(3), 491-497.

Soltani, A., M. Gholipoor, and E. Zeinali. 2006. Seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of wheat as affected by drought and salinity. Environ. Exp. Bot. 55, 195-200.

Sonaike, A.A. and O.T. Okusanya. 1987. Germination behaviour of Lufa aegyptica seeds from 19 localities in Nigeria. Seed Sci. Technol. 15, 741-750.

Tobe, K., X. Li, and K. Omasa. 2002. Effects of sodium, magnesium and calcium salts on seed germination and radicle survival of a halophyte, Kalidium capsicum (Chenopodiaceae). Aust. J. Bot. 50, 163-169.

Ulloa, L.N., N.A. Vargas, D. Miranda, and G. Fischer. 2006. Efecto de la salinidad sobre los parametros de desarrollo en especies horticolas cultivadas en sistemas sin suelo. pp. 53-76. In: Florez, V.J., A. de la C. Fernandez, D. Miranda, B. Chaves, and J.M. Guzman (eds.). Avances sobre fertirriego en la floricultura colombiana. Unibiblos; Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota.

Ungar, I. 1996. Effect of salinity on seed germination, growth, and ion accumulation of Atriplex patula (Chenopodiaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 83, 604-607.

Villagra, P.E. 1997. Germination of Prosopis argentina and P. alpataco seeds under saline conditions. J. Arid Environ. 37, 261-267.

Zhu, J.-K. 2001. Plant salt tolerance. Trends Plant Sci. 6, 66-71.

Zhu, J.-K. 2002. Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 53, 247-273.

Article abstract page views

752

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

How to Cite

Miranda, D., Ulrichs, C., & Fischer, G. (2010). Imbibition and percentage of germination of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) seeds under NaCl stress. Agronomía Colombiana, 28(1), 29-35. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/17591