Enfermedades fungosas y bacteriales del clavel en Colombia
Keywords:
enfermedades, fungosas, bacteriales, clavel, distribución, fusarium, enfermedades vasculares, pudrición del tallo, manchas, flores (es)Downloads
la más importante es la ocasionada por Heterosporíum echínulatum principalmente en clavel miniatura y en algunas variedades mediterráneas de clavel estandar. La roya causada por Uromyces caryophyllinus causa pérdidas importantes en algunas zonas de la Sabana de Bogotá y en épocas de alta humedad. La mancha de la hoja causada por Alternaría díanthí tiene muy poca importancia y se presenta principalmente durante el enraizamiento de los esquejes. El mildeo velloso ocasionado por Peronospora díanthicola se
presenta con muy baja incidencia. La pudrición de las flores causada por Botrytis cinerea se presenta con mediana incidencia principalmente en épocas de alta humedad y tiene mayor importancia en algunas variedades susceptibles. Sin embargo su importancia es muy menor en comparación con otros tipos de flor tales como estatice y crisantemo. Entre las enfermedades bacteria les solamente se ha reconocido la mancha bacterial ocasionada por Pseudomonas woodsíi pero su importancia es muy menor.
Stem rot caused by Fusaríum roseum is found is greenhouses with poor management and mainly after harvesting. Other soil
pathogens as Rhízoctonía sotsni, Sclerotínia scterotiorum, Phythium sp, and Phytophthora sp. ha ve been ocasionally recognized. Among diseases than affect the foliage, the most important pathogen is Heterosporium echinulatum particularly in miniature carnation and in some mediterranean standard varieties. Carnation rust caused by Uromyces caryophyllinus causes important losses in some areas at the Bogotá plateau,
specially during the rainy season. Leaf spot caused by Alternaría dianthi has a very little importance and it is present at cutting rooting periodo Peronospora diathicola is also
found with low incidence. Flower rooting produced by Botrytis cinerea has been reported with a mild incidence particularly
during rainy season on some varieties. The importance of this pathogen on carnation is minor comparad to its importance on other ornamental crops, such as statice and chrysanthemum.
Among bacterial diseases only the leaf spot caused by Pseudomonss woodsii has been recorded with a very low incidence.
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