Published

2013-01-01

Cadmium and chromium effects on seed germination and root elongation in lettuce, spinach and Swiss chard

Efecto del cadmio y cromo sobre la germinación y elongación radical de lechuga, espinaca y acelga

Keywords:

heavy metals, water contamination, imbibition, protrusion (en)
metales pesados, contaminación de agua, imbibición, protrusión (es)

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Authors

  • Oscar V. Bautista Céspedes Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía
  • Gerhard Fischer Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-0507
  • Julián F. Cárdenas Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
The La Ramada district and the Bogota River are the principal water resources used for horticultural crop production on the Bogota Plateau, which contain channel pollutant materials, including heavy metals due to domestic and industrial activities on the Plateau. These materials have effects on crop production in this zone. The present research, under laboratory conditions, aimed to evaluate the effect of three concentrations (25, 35 and 50 µM L-1) of cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) on imbibition, seed germination and root elongation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Batavia), Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla "White Ribbed"), and spinach (Spinacia oleracea Hib. 424), three species widely cultivated on the Plateau. The three species used for evaluation showed a differential susceptibility response to Cd and Cr. In lettuce, fresh weight increase (imbibition) was lower with all Cd concentrations at the last day of observation and at 25 µM L-1 of Cd in Swiss chard. Cadmium reduced seed germination by up to 46%, 97% and 8% in Swiss chard, lettuce and spinach, respectively. Also, root elongation decreased in Cd treatments by up to 57%, 89% and 56%, for Swiss chard, lettuce and spinach, respectively. Chromium, which showed fewer negative effects, decreased germination by up to 29% in Swiss chard, 6% in lettuce and 34% in spinach, as compared to the control.
La producción hortícola en la Sabana de Bogotá tiene como principales fuentes hídricas al distrito de riego La Ramada y al rio Bogotá, el cual lleva en su cauce materiales contaminantes como metales pesados, provenientes de las diferentes actividades industriales y domésticas de la Sabana. Estos contaminantes afectan la producción de cultivos en esta zona. En el presente estudio, bajo condiciones de laboratorio, se evaluó el efecto del cadmio (Cd) y cromo (Cr) en tres concentraciones (25, 35 y 50 µM L-1), sobre la imbibición, germinación y elongación radical de lechuga (Lactuca sativa var. Batavia), acelga (Beta vulgaris var. cicla "White Ribbed") y espinaca (Spinacia oleracea híbrida 424), tres especies que son ampliamente cultivadas en la zona. Se encontró una susceptibilidad diferente a los dos compuestos metálicos en cada especie. En lechuga, en el último día de la observación, las tres soluciones de Cd disminuyeron el aumento del peso fresco de las semillas (imbibición), mientras este ocurrió en acelga solamente a 25 µM L-1 de Cd. Cadmio afectó la germinación en 46%, 97% y 8% en acelga, lechuga y espinaca, respectivamente; también, este metal redujo la elongación radical hasta un 57%, 89% y 56% en las tres especies, respectivamente. El Cr no mostró efectos tan negativos, pero redujo la germinación de acelga (29%), lechuga (6%) y espinaca (34%), comparado al control.

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Cadmium and chromium effects on seed germination and root elongation in lettuce, spinach and Swiss chard. (2013). Agronomía Colombiana, 31(1), 48-57. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/37314

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