Simulation of corn (Zea mays L.) production in different agricultural zones of Colombia using the AquaCrop model

Published

2014-09-01

Simulation of corn (Zea mays L.) production in different agricultural zones of Colombia using the AquaCrop model

Simulación de la producción de maíz (Zea mays L.) en diferentes zonas agrícolas de Colombia con el modelo AquaCrop

Keywords:

irrigation, crop growth, yield, soil water, simulation (en)
riego, crecimiento del cultivo, rendimiento, agua del suelo, simulación (es)

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Authors

Javier García Á. Universidad de Nariño
Nestor Riaño H. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Cafe - (Cenicafe)
Stanislav Magnitskiy Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá

Abstract (en)
Abstract (es)

Due to climate changes and increasing food needs, it is important to develop simple models of wide application to determine the irrigation needs. The aim of this study was to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model in maize crop of the variety ICA V156 in different locations of Colombia, such as Chinchina (Caldas), Palmira (Valle del Cauca) and Cerete (Cordoba), situated at altitudes of 20, 900, and 1,340 m a.s.l., respectively. As part of the model calibration, the biomass, harvest index, and grain yield were recorded. After the calibration, the Pearson correlation coefficient and the respective analysis of variance were calculated for each variable. The biomass, harvest index and grain yield were different in each study site, with the highest grain obtained in Cerete, followed by Chinchina and, finally, Palmira. The modeling in each of the locations showed similarity between the field data and the simulated data in each of the sites. In the calibration, Palmira had the highest grain yield (4.9 t ha-1), followed by Chinchina (4.83 t ha-1) and Cerete (4.15 t ha-1). The validation in each location allowed for the determination of the grain yield, harvest index, biomass and the amount of water needed for crop growth, which averaged 3.45 kg of biomass per m3 of evapotranspired water and was reflected in an average yield of 1.26 kg of grain per m3 of evapotranspired water.

Debido al cambio climático y el aumento de las necesidades de alimentos, es importante desarrollar modelos simples de amplia aplicación para determinar las necesidades de riego. El objetivo del estudio fue calibrar y validar el modelo AquaCrop en el cultivo de maíz de la variedad ICA V156 en las condiciones de tres localidades de Colombia: Chinchiná (Caldas), Palmira (Valle del Cauca) y Cereté (Córdoba), ubicadas a las altitudes de 20, 900 y 1.340 msnm, respectivamente. Como parte de la calibración del modelo se registró la biomasa, el índice de cosecha y el rendimiento. Después del calibrado, se realizó el cálculo de coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y los respectivos análisis de varianza para cada una de las variables. La biomasa, el índice de cosecha y el rendimiento del grano fueron diferentes en cada sitio de estudio, siendo la localidad de Cereté (Córdoba) la de mejor rendimiento de grano, seguida de Chinchiná y por último Palmira. La modelación en cada una de las localidades mostró similitud entre la información de campo y la simulación en cada uno de los sitios evaluados. En la calibración, Palmira mostró el mayor rendimiento de grano (4,9 t ha-1), seguido por Chinchiná (4,83 t ha-1) y por último Cereté (4,15 t ha-1). La validación en cada una de las localidades permitió determinar el rendimiento, el índice de cosecha, la biomasa y la cantidad de agua necesaria para el desarrollo del cultivo, la que fue en promedio de 3,45 kg de biomasa por m3 de agua evapotranspirada, la que se reflejó en un rendimiento medio de 1,26 kg de grano por m3 de agua evapotranspirada.

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