Published

2015-01-01

Adaptation of a leaf wetness duration model for tomato under Colombian greenhouse conditions

Adaptación de un modelo de duración de humedad de hoja para tomate bajo invernadero en Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n1.48087

Keywords:

epidemiological models, agrometeorology, integrated pest management, early-warning systems, foliar fungal pathogens (en)
modelos epidemiológicos, agrometeorología, manejo integrado de plagas, sistemas de advertencia temprana, patógenos foliares (es)

Authors

  • Rodrigo Gil Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano. Bogota
  • Carlos Ricardo Bojacá Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano. Bogota
  • Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano. Bogota
Greenhouse tomato production uses structures that protect crops from extreme environmental conditions; however, the climate inside Colombian greenhouses is often not optimal and crops are susceptible to attack by fungal diseases. The use of simulation models for early warnings of attack by diseases have helped to rationalize the use of chemical pesticides by increasing their efficiency when sprayed at critical times of disease onset. The aim of this study was to calibrate the surface wetness energy balance (SWEB) model to estimate the leaf wetness duration (LWD) for greenhouse tomatoes in the Alto Ricaurte province (Boyaca). For the validation, the performances of the SWEB model were evaluated by comparing a simulated LWD with records from dielectric leaf wetness sensors. The model adequately represented the phenomenon of free water on the leaves for plants in two greenhouses of Santa Sofia and Sutamarchan. The model simulated an average LWD of 9.9 and 12.1 hours day-1 in Santa Sofia and Sutamarchan, respectively. However, the simulations for the two greenhouses indicated different behaviors, with average differences between the observed and simulated daily number of hours with free water of 0.8 hours for Santa Sofia, while, for Sutamarchan, the difference reached 4 hours. The fraction of correct estimates index indicated the model had the ability to correctly predict 92 and 72% of the hours with a presence or absence of LWD in Santa Sofia and Sutamarchan, respectively. The SWEB model is a useful tool for early warnings for the attack of fungal diseases in greenhouse tomatoes. However, due to the shortcomings of the greenhouse structures used for production, the crops are highly susceptible to attack from these pathogens.

Los cultivos de tomate bajo invernadero utilizan estructuras que protegen los cultivos de condiciones ambientales extremas, sin embargo el clima dentro de los invernaderos colombianos, a menudo, no es el óptimo y los cultivos son susceptibles al ataque de enfermedades fungosas. El uso de modelos de simulación que alertan de manera temprana el ataque de enfermedades ha ayudado a racionalizar el uso de plaguicidas químicos aumentando su eficiencia al ser asperjados en los momentos críticos de ataque de la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue calibrar el modelo de balance energético para una superficie húmeda (SWEB) para estimar la duración de la presencia de agua libre sobre el follaje (LWD), en el tomate bajo invernadero de la provincia del Alto Ricaurte (Boyacá). Para su calibración, las simulaciones fueron contrastadas con registros provenientes de sensores dieléctricos de humedad de hoja. El modelo representó adecuadamente el fenómeno de agua libre sobre el follaje en dos invernaderos de Santa Sofía y Sutamarchán. El modelo simuló un promedio de ocurrencia de LWD de 9.9 y 12.1 horas día-1 en los invernaderos de Santa Sofía y Sutamarchán, respectivamente. Las simulaciones para estos dos invernaderos indicaron comportamientos variables, donde la diferencia promedio diaria de número de horas con agua libre sobre el follaje para Santa Sofía fue de 0.8 horas mientras que para Sutamarchán la diferencia alcanzó las 4 horas en promedio. El índice de estimaciones correctas indicó que el modelo tuvo la capacidad de predecir correctamente el 92 y el 72% de las horas con la presencia o ausencia de LWD en Santa Sofía y Sutamarchán, respectivamente. El modelo SWEB es una herramienta útil de alerta temprana para el ataque de enfermedades fungosas en tomate bajo invernadero. Sin embargo, las deficiencias de los invernaderos utilizados para la producción indican un alto grado de susceptibilidad de los cultivos al ataque de estos patógenos.

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Gil, R., Bojacá, C. R., & Rodríguez, M. Ángel. (2015). Adaptation of a leaf wetness duration model for tomato under Colombian greenhouse conditions. Agronomía Colombiana, 33(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n1.48087