Published

2015-01-01

Effect of aggregate size and superficial horizon differentiation on the friability index of soils cultivated with sugar cane: a multivariate approach

Efecto del tamaño de los agregados y la diferenciación de horizontes superficiales en el índice de friabilidad de suelos cultivados en caña de azúcar: un enfoque multivariante

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n1.49855

Keywords:

soil quality, aggregates, tensile strength, compressive strength, coefficient of variation (en)
calidad del suelo, agregados, resistencia al rompimiento, resistencia a la compresión, coeficiente de variación (es)

Authors

  • Edgar Álvaro Ávila P. Universidad del Tolima - Faculty of Agricultural Engineering
  • Fabio Rodrigo Leiva Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía
  • Aquiles Darghan Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía
  • Raúl Madriñán M. Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Palmira - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias
Soil friability is a physical property that provides valuable information for minimizing energy consumption during soil tillage and for preparing the edaphic medium for plant development. Its quantitative determination is generally carried out with aggregates obtained from soil blocks taken at fixed depths of profiles without considering the superficial horizons of the soil. The objective of the this study was to determine the effect of aggregate size and superficial horizon differentiation on the friability index (FI) of some soils cultivated with sugar cane in the Geographic Valley of the Cauca River (Colombia), using univariate (CVu) and multivariate (CVm) coefficients of variation. The FI was evaluated using a compression test with four aggregate-size ranges taken from the Ap and A1 superficial horizons of 182 sampling sites located on 18 sugar cane farms. Of the five types of studied soils (Inceptisols, Mollisols, Vertisols, Alfisols and Ultisols), 7,280 aggregates were collected that were air dried and subsequently dried in a low-temperature oven before determining the tensile strength (TS), which was in turn used to calculate the FI using the coefficient of variation method. This study found that the FI varied with the aggregate size and the soil depth (first two horizons). Only three of the four size ranges initially selected were relevant. The CVm proved to be very useful for the selection of a more relevant value from the confidence interval of the TS from the CVu method for friability and established that the lower limit value (FIi) of the TS CVu was the FI value that was closest to the multivariate measurement.
La friabilidad del suelo es una propiedad física que proporciona valiosa información para minimizar el consumo de energía durante la labranza del suelo y adecuar el medio edáfico para el desarrollo de las plantas. Su determinación cuantitativa se realiza generalmente a partir de agregados obtenidos de bloques de suelo tomados a profundidades fijas en el perfil sin considerar los diferentes horizontes superficiales del suelo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto del tamaño de los agregados y la diferenciación de los horizontes superficiales en el índice de friabilidad (IF) de algunos suelos bajo caña de azúcar en el Valle Geográfico del Río Cauca (Colombia), usando el coeficiente de variación univariante (CVu) y multivariante (CVm). El IF se evaluó mediante una prueba de compresión de cuatro rangos de tamaño de agregados tomados de los horizontes superficiales Ap y A1 de 182 sitios de muestreo, provenientes de 18 fincas dedicadas al cultivo de caña de azúcar. De los cinco tipos de suelos estudiados (Inceptisoles, Molisoles, Vertisoles, Alfisoles y Ultisoles), se colectaron 7.280 agregados que fueron secados al aire y posteriormente en horno a baja temperatura, previamente a la determinación de la RC, y a partir de esta, se calculó el IF usando el método del coeficiente de variación. El estudio encontró variación del IF con el tamaño de los agregados y con la profundidad del suelo (dos primeros horizontes); de cuatro rangos de tamaño inicialmente seleccionados, solo tres fueron relevantes. La utilización del CVm resultó bastante útil en la selección de un valor más conveniente dentro del intervalo de confianza de la RC del método del CVu para la friabilidad y permitió establecer que el valor del límite inferior (IFi) del CVu de la RC, fue el valor del IF más cercano a la medida multivariante.

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Effect of aggregate size and superficial horizon differentiation on the friability index of soils cultivated with sugar cane: a multivariate approach. (2015). Agronomía Colombiana, 33(1), 92-98. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n1.49855