Published

2015-05-01

Contents of non-structural carbohydrates in fruiting cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) plants

Contenido de carbohidratos no-estructurales en la planta de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) en fructificación

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n2.51546

Keywords:

photosynthates, starch, sucrose, glucose, fructose (en)
productos fotosintéticos, almidón, sacarosa, glucosa, fructosa (es)

Authors

  • Gerhard Fischer Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Departamento de Agronomía https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-0507
  • Christian Ulrichs Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin - Faculty of Life Sciences - Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology
  • Georg Ebert Research and Development, Compo Expert GmbH
Although the cape gooseberry has become the second most important export fruit in Colombia, information is scarce for its carbohydrate partitioning, which plays a major role in plant productivity. Seed-propagated Colombia ecotypes were kept in a greenhouse in 2.5-L plastic containers filled with washed quartz sand and were ferti-irrigated. The plants were pruned to one main vegetative stem with two generative stems. Dry matter (DM) partitioning during the initial plant growth showed the highest accumulation rate in the roots during the first 20 days, whereas, at a later stage of development, the shoot DM gain was higher and the leaf DM gain was lower than that of the roots. Sixty days after transplant, the plant parts were quantified and analyzed for glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch. The roots were the largest carbohydrate pool for starch, but the sucrose content was lower in the roots than in the vegetative stem and the lower part of the reproductive stems. At 5-15 cm of the vegetative stem base, 6.4 mg of starch, 1.4 mg of monosaccharides and 5.3 mg/100 g of DM sucrose were found, indicating that this lower organ is also important for starch accumulation and, especially, for sucrose transport. In the two reproductive stems, the starch contents were much higher in the base part than in the apical part; the same relationship was found in the leaves. The monosaccharide content was the highest in the apical stem position with 8.2 mg/100 g DM. In contrast, the apical-positioned 10-day-old fruits had maximum starch concentrations (11.6 mg/100 g DM), possibly due to the assimilatory starch from green fruit photosynthesis, whereas the mature basal fruits (60-day-old) mainly accumulated sucrose (25.7 mg) and monosaccharides (21.2 mg/100 g DM).

Aunque la uchuva se ha convertido en la segunda fruta de importancia en la exportación de Colombia, existe escasa información sobre el papel que juega el reparto de carbohidratos en la productividad de la planta. En invernadero, plantas del ecotipo Colombia, propagadas por semilla, se cultivaron en materas de 2,5 L, en arena de cuarzo lavada y con ferti-irrigación. Las plantas fueron podadas hasta el tallo vegetativo principal con dos tallos reproductivos. La distribución de materia seca (MS) durante los primeros 20 días de la planta mostró la mayor tasa de acumulación en raíces, mientras que en la etapa posterior la ganancia de MS fue mayor en tallos y menor en hojas que en las raíces. Sesenta días después del trasplante, se determinó el contenido de glucosa, fructosa, sacarosa y almidón para cada parte de la planta. Las raíces fueron el mayor vertedero de almidón, pero los contenidos de sacarosa fueron bajos tanto en el tallo vegetativo como de los reproductivos. Entre 5-15 cm de la base del tallo vegetativo se encontró un 6,4 mg de almidón, 1,4 mg de monosacáridos y 5,3 mg/100 g MS de sacarosa, indicando lo importante que es este órgano basal para la acumulación de almidón y, especialmente, para el transporte de sacarosa. En los dos tallos reproductivos, el contenido de almidón fue mayor en la base que en el ápice; la misma relación se encontró en las hojas. El contenido de monosacáridos fue mayor en la zona apical del tallo reproductivo, con 8,2 mg/100 g MS. Por el contrario, en los frutos apicales y pequeños, con 10 días de edad, se encontró los máximas concentraciones de almidón (11,6 mg/100 g MS), posiblemente se trata de almidón primario de la fotosíntesis de los frutos verdes, mientras que los maduros basales (60 días de edad) acumularon principalmente sacarosa (27,7 mg) y monosacáridos (21,2mg/100 g MS).

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Contents of non-structural carbohydrates in fruiting cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) plants. (2015). Agronomía Colombiana, 33(2), 155-163. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v33n2.51546